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Panicum miliaceum Linn., Sp. Pl. 1:58. 1753. Boiss., Fl. Or. 5:441. 1884; Duthie, Fodder Grasses 9.1888; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 7:45. 1896; Blatter & McCann, Bombay Grasses 159. 1935; Bor, Fl. Assam 5:225. 1940; Sultan & Stewart, Grasses W. Pak. 1:25. 1958; Bor, Grasses Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pak. 327. 1960; Bor in Towns., Guest & Al-Rawi, Fl. Iraq 9: 486. 1968; Bor in Rech. f., Fl. Iran. 70:473. 1970; Tzvelev, Poaceae URSS 659. 1976; Clayton in Tutin et al., Fl. Eur. 5:261.1980.
Vern.: Cheena, Cheeni.
Panicum milium Pers.
Robust, sparsely to densely hispid annual; culms 30-150 cm high, often branching. Leaf-blades linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1540 cm long, 8-24 mm wide, cordate to amplexicaul. Panicle narrowly oblong to pyramidal, 15-35 cm long, the branching tight or sometimes lax and giving the panicle a one-sided appearance. Spikelets mostly towards the ends of the branches, ovate to ovate-oblong, (4-)4.5-5.5 mm long, glabrous, acute to shortly acuminate; lower glume ovate, half to three-quarters the length of the spikelet, 5-nerved, acuminate, separated from the rest of the spikelet by a short internode; upper glume 11-13-nerved; lower lemma 11-13-nerved, its palea absent or reduced to a very short scale; upper lemma orange or yellowish, smooth and shining, usually persistent.
Fl. & Fr. Per.: July-September.
Type: India (LINN).
Distribution: Pakistan (Sind, Punjab, N.W.F.P., Gilgit & Kashmir; mostly in cultivation); India; introduced to parts of Africa, Europe, North and South America, Australia, Central and Eastern Asia.
Common, Hog or Broomcorn Millet is widely cultivated as a hot weather crop in the rainy season. It is unlikely that it exists as a truly wild species as most records are from cultivated land or ruderal sites. It is thought to have originated as a crop plant in northern India but is now widely naturalised in warm temperate regions.
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