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3. Calligonum polygonoides Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 530. 1753; Boiss., l.c. 1000; Hook. f., l.c. 22; R. N. Parker, l.c.; N.V.Pavlov, l.c. 568; Cullen in P.H.Davis, Fl. Turk. 2: 268. 1967; Rech. f. & Schiman-Czeika, l.c. 43; R.R.Stewart, l.c. 201; Bhopal & Chaudhri in Pak. Syst. 1(2): 1977; Boulos, Fl. Egypt. 1: 24. 1999. (Fig.20, A-B).
Vern.: Phóg, Phok.
Profusely branched, glabrous shrub with whitish to pale brownish bark, up to 1.5 m tall. Leaves very scanty, sessile, linear caducous, 7-15 mm long; ochreae c. 1 mm long. Flowers pedicellate, pedicel 3-8 mm long, slightly accrescent in fruit, articulate in the centre or near the base, Perianth segments 3-4 mm long, 2-3 mm broad, broadly oblong, white, reflexed in fruit. Stamens shroter than or equalling perianth. Fruit 12-17 mm long, 10-14 mm broad, densely setose, setae 2-3 times or more dichotomously branched, dilated at the base, arising on 4 pairs of longitudinal wings. Nut oblong, slightly coiled, winged, wings 1-2 mm broad.
Fl. Per.: April-June.
Type: Habitat in monte Ararat, Armenia, Tournefort.
A fairly common plant of sand dunes in Southern Baluchistan and Trans-Indus plains. The wood is chiefly used as fuel. The flowers are also eaten in Sindh; Distribution: Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Russia, Turkey, Palestine and Syria.
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