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142. Chloris Swartz, Prodr. 25. 1788.
虎尾草属 hu wei cao shu
Authors: Bi-xing Sun & Sylvia M. Phillips
Annuals or perennials, with rhizomes or stolons. Basal leaf sheaths rounded or keeled; leaf blades linear, flat or folded; ligule a short ciliolate membrane. Inflorescence of racemes, digitate or occasionally in 2 or more whorls; spikelets shortly pedicelled or subsessile, closely imbricate, biseriate. Spikelets laterally compressed, florets 2–4, lowermost fertile, successive florets male or sterile and progressively reduced, disarticulating above glumes; glumes unequal, usually shorter than florets, lanceolate, membranous, 1-veined, acuminate to an awn-point; callus bearded; lemma of fertile floret keeled, lanceolate to obovate, cartilaginous to leathery, usually ciliate on margins and keel, apex entire or emarginate, subapically mucronate or awned; palea as long as lemma; subsequent florets similar to fertile floret or of different shape or vestigial. Caryopsis ellipsoid to subterete, pericarp free though sometimes reluctantly so. x = 10.
About 55 species: tropical and warm-temperate regions throughout the world; five species (one introduced) in China.
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| 1 |
Leaf blades obtuse; lowest lemma glabrous. |
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1 C. pycnothrix |
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Leaf blades acute to tapering; lowest lemma hairy on margins |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Lowest lemma with spreading 2.5–4 mm hairs on upper margins. |
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3 C. virgata |
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Lowest lemma with 0.5–1.5 mm hairs on upper margins |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Culms 1–3 m, stoloniferous perennial; spikelets 2-awned. |
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2 C. gayana |
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Culms up to 1 m, tufted annuals (or weakly perennial); spikelets 3-awned |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Sterile lemmas inflated; the lower 1–1.5 mm, nearly as long as wide. |
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4 C. barbata |
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Sterile lemmas ± flattened; the lower 1.6–2 mm, longer than wide. |
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5 C. formosana |
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Lower Taxa
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Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org
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