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23. Coptis Salisbury, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 8: 305. 1807.
黄连属 huang lian shu
Fu Dezhi; Orbélia R. Robinson
Herbs perennial, rhizomatous or sometimes stoloniferous. Rhizomes branched. Leaves several, basal, long petiolate, 3- or 5-sect. Scapes 1 to several, erect. Inflorescences terminal, monochasial, 1- to few flowered. Flowers small, actinomorphic, bisexual. Sepals 5(--8), white or greenish yellow, often petaloid. Petals 5--10 or more, clawed, adaxially often nectariferous. Stamens numerous, glabrous; filaments filiform; anthers broadly elliptic. Pistils 8--14, stipitate; ovules several per ovary. Styles recurved. Follicles stipitate, oblong, transverse veins inconspicuous; persistent styles short. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, shiny, nearly smooth.
Fifteen species: E Asia, North America; six species (five endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Leaves 5-sect. |
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(2) |
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Leaves 3-sect. |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Rhizome robust; leaf blade 5.5--14 cm wide, central segment pinnately divided, apex attenuate |
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5 C. quinquesecta |
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Rhizome slender; leaf blade 2--6 cm wide, central segment 3-lobed, apex acute |
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6 C. quinquefolia |
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| 3 (1) |
Leaf blade lanceolate to narrowly ovate; lateral segments 3--3.5 × shorter than central segment; sepals linear-lanceolate |
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4 C. omeiensis |
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Leaf blade ovate to ovate-triangular; lateral segments slightly shorter than central segment; sepals lanceolate, elliptic, or narrowly ovate. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Petals spatulate |
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3 C. teeta |
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Petals lanceolate to linear-lanceolate. |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Leaf segment lobes remote; outer stamens slightly shorter than petals |
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1 C. chinensis |
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Leaf segment lobes ± contiguous to each other; stamens ca. 1/2 as long as petals |
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2 C. deltoidea |
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Lower Taxa
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