| 1 |
Plants without green leaves at anthesis |
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(2) |
| + |
Plants with green leaves at anthesis |
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(4) |
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| 2 (1) |
Typical roots absent, or if present less than 1 cm. |
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48 C. macrorhizon |
| + |
Typical roots present, 8-12 cm |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaves apparently not produced; flowers not opening widely; sepals, petals, and lip purple-red to yellowish. |
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49 C. multiradicatum |
| + |
Leaves emerging after anthesis; flowers opening widely; sepals, petals, and lip greenish to whitish with purplish red markings. |
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47 C. rhizomatosum |
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| 4 (1) |
Leaves narrowly elliptic or narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate, contracted into a distinct petiole-like stalk at base |
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(5) |
| + |
Leaves lorate or nearly so, usually not contracted into a petiole-like stalk at base (except in C. baoshanense, C. qiubeiense, and C. teretipetiolatum) |
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(8) |
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| 5 (4) |
Inflorescence 20-40-flowered; lip unlobed or obscurely 3-lobed, with 2 fleshy calli. |
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9 C. devonianum |
| + |
Inflorescence 1-9-flowered; lip distinctly 3-lobed, with 2 lamellae or ridges |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Pseudobulbs nearly as long as or slightly longer than wide; lip fused at base to basal margins of column for 2-3 mm; pollinia 2. |
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28 C. tigrinum |
| + |
Pseudobulbs more than 2 × as long as wide; lip not fused at base to basal margins of column; pollinia 4 |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Pseudobulbs bilaterally flattened, usually tapering toward apex; leaves basally contracted into a petiole-like stalk 3-18 cm; inflorescence usually 2-6-flowered; lateral lobes of lip white with purplish brown markings. |
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45 C. lancifolium |
| + |
Pseudobulbs cylindric, not flattened nor tapering toward apex; leaves basally contracted into a petiole-like stalk 1-2.5 cm; inflorescence usually 1-flowered; lateral lobes of lip purple. |
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46 C. recurvatum |
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| 8 (4) |
Lip fused to basal margins of column for 2-10 mm |
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(9) |
| + |
Lip not fused to basal margins of column |
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(27) |
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| 9 (8) |
Inflorescence pendulous, 13-35-flowered |
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(10) |
| + |
Inflorescence erect or arching, 1-11(-15)-flowered |
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(12) |
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| 10 (9) |
Flowers not pendulous, opening widely, not bell-shaped. |
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25 C. concinnum |
| + |
Flowers pendulous, not opening widely, bell-shaped |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Flowers cream-yellow to pale yellow-green; leaves 1-1.7(-2) cm wide. |
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26 C. elegans |
| + |
Flowers tawny-brown; leaves 0.8-1(-1.2) cm wide. |
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27 C. cochleare |
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| 12 (9) |
Inflorescence arising from leaf axils; leaves usually 10-18, bilobed at apex |
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(13) |
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Inflorescence arising from base of pseudobulb; leaves usually 3-9, unlobed at apex |
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(16) |
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| 13 (12) |
Pseudobulb stemlike, continuously elongating, 10-30 cm. |
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24 C. mastersii |
| + |
Pseudobulb not stemlike, generally less than 10 cm |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Lip with a purple-red V-shaped patch on mid-lobe. |
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23 C. changningense |
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Lip without a V-shaped patch on mid-lobe |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Inflorescence 1- or rarely 2(or 3)-flowered; petals 55-70 × 13-18 mm. |
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21 C. eburneum |
| + |
Inflorescence 2-11(-15)-flowered; petals 46-52 × 8-12 mm. |
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22 C. maguanense |
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| 16 (12) |
Sepals and petals white or pinkish, sometimes tinged pale red-brown or cream-yellow |
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(17) |
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Sepals and petals green, olive-green, apple-green, yellowish green, or brown-yellow |
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(18) |
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| 17 (16) |
Inflorescence suberect, longer than or nearly as long as leaves; lateral sepals spreading horizontally or nearly so; petals spreading, never clasping column; lip mid-lobe ovate, apex acute. |
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19 C. insigne |
| + |
Inflorescence arching to pendulous, usually shorter than leaves; lateral sepals pendulous or downcurved; petals clasping column; lip mid-lobe obovate to nearly oblate, apex obtuse to slightly emarginate. |
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20 C. wenshanense |
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| 18 (16) |
Mid-lobe of lip with a large, red to chestnut V-shaped patch; patch densely velvety hairy. |
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17 C. lowianum |
| + |
Mid-lobe of lip with or without a V-shaped patch but patch never velvety hairy |
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(19) |
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| 19 (18) |
Mid-lobe of lip with 2 or 3 rows of long hairs running from middle of mid-lobe to apices of lamellae |
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(20) |
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Mid-lobe of lip without rows of long hairs |
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(22) |
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| 20 (19) |
Lip without a row of long hairs between 2 lamellae on disk. |
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12 C. iridioides |
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Lip with a row of long hairs between 2 lamellae on disk |
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(21) |
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| 21 (20) |
Flowers 13-14 cm in diam.; sepals and petals with distinct dark red-brown venation and spots; lip 45-60 mm, with dark red-brown marks and 3 rows of suberect hairs 5-6 mm on mid-lobe. |
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10 C. tracyanum |
| + |
Flowers 7-8 cm in diam.; sepals and petals usually without red-brown venation, or, if present, indistinct and pale; lip 30-32 mm, without dark red-brown markings, with 3 rows of soft hairs 1-3 mm on mid-lobe. |
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11 C. gaoligongense |
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| 22 (19) |
Column purple-red at apex, with purple-red spots below; mid-lobe of lip yellow with many purple-red striations and irregular dashes. |
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13 C. sichuanicum |
| + |
Column not tinged purple-red at apex; mid-lobe of lip without markings as above |
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(23) |
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| 23 (22) |
Sepals and petals green with heavy reddish brown longitudinal stripes and irregular spots. |
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14 C. erythraeum |
| + |
Sepals and petals usually without striations and spots, or, if present, inconspicuous and pale red-brown |
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(24) |
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| 24 (23) |
Leaves somewhat oblanceolate, base contracted into a distinct petiole-like stalk. |
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29 C. baoshanense |
| + |
Leaves lorate, not or indistinctly contracted at base |
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(25) |
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| 25 (24) |
Mid-lobe of lip with a large, V-shaped, chestnut patch not composed of spots or blotches. |
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18 C. schroederi |
| + |
Mid-lobe of lip without or with a V-shaped patch composed of spots and blotches |
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(26) |
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| 26 (25) |
Sepals and petals green, without longitudinal reddish brown veins; mid-lobe of lip with chestnut spots and striations; lateral lobes with chestnut stripes composed of small spots. |
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15 C. hookerianum |
| + |
Sepals and petals yellowish green, indistinctly with a few longitudinal reddish brown veins; mid-lobe of lip with a submarginal V-shaped reddish brown patch composed of dense spots and blotches along apical margin; lateral lobes with brown striations. |
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16 C. wilsonii |
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| 27 (8) |
Pollinia 2, each cleft |
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(28) |
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Pollinia 4, in 2 pairs |
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(35) |
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| 28 (27) |
Inflorescence erect to suberect, densely 15-50-flowered |
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(29) |
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Inflorescence usually arcuate to pendulous, laxly 5-35-flowered |
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(30) |
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| 29 (28) |
Leaves 0.8-1.8 cm wide, midvein usually raised more than 2 lateral veins on abaxial surface; column not auriculate at base. |
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7 C. floribundum |
| + |
Leaves 2-3.5 cm wide, midvein not usually raised; column auriculate at base. |
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8 C. suavissimum |
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| 30 (28) |
Apices of sepals acute or acuminate, porrect |
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(31) |
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Apices of sepals usually obtuse, spreading or pendulous |
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(32) |
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| 31 (30) |
Dorsal sepal 42-48 mm, whitish or yellowish brownish with purple-brown veins. |
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6 C. aestivum |
| + |
Dorsal sepal 14-33 mm, white with a central purple stripe. |
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5 C. dayanum |
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| 32 (30) |
Sepals 28-33 mm; lip white with 4 purple spots or short streaks on mid-lobe. |
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4 C. atropurpureum |
| + |
Sepals and petals 14-23 mm; lip mid-lobe with longitudinal purple stripes, dense spots, or flushed purple |
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(33) |
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| 33 (32) |
Lip with longitudinal purple stripes on mid-lobe, lateral lobes acute, callus interrupted. |
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1 C. aloifolium |
| + |
Lip densely spotted or flushed with purple, lateral lobes obtuse or rounded, callus ridges entire |
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(34) |
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| 34 (33) |
Leaves 2-4; sepals and petals dark purplish red or blackish purple, with yellow margins ca. 0.8 mm wide; fl. Oct-Nov. |
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3 C. paucifolium |
| + |
Leaves 4-6; sepals and petals yellowish to whitish, with a central purplish red or maroon-brown longitudinal stripe 3-4 mm wide; fl. Mar-Apr. |
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2 C. mannii |
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| 35 (27) |
Leaves not articulate toward base |
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(36) |
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Leaves articulate toward base |
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(40) |
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| 36 (35) |
Lip unlobed or obscurely 3-lobed, disk without keels or lamellae. |
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44 C. teretipetiolatum |
| + |
Lip distinctly 3-lobed, disk with keels or lamellae |
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(37) |
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| 37 (36) |
Plants with a many-noded, cylindric, usually shortly branched, subterranean rhizome usually more than ca. 1 cm in diam.; column 6-7 mm. |
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43 C. nanulum |
| + |
Plants without a rhizome as above; column more than 10 mm |
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(38) |
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| 38 (37) |
Pseudobulbs inconspicuous; leaves with translucent veins; floral bracts ca. 1/2 as long as ovary. |
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42 C. faberi |
| + |
Pseudobulbs conspicuous, 0.8-2 cm; leaves without translucent veins; floral bracts exceeding ovary |
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(39) |
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| 39 (38) |
Leaves 3-5, usually 23-38 cm; inflorescence usually 1-flowered; flower thickly textured; sepals 11-13 mm wide. |
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40 C. serratum |
| + |
Leaves 5-7(-10), usually 40-65 cm; inflorescence 2-7-flowered; flowers thinly textured; sepals 8-9 mm wide. |
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41 C. tortisepalum |
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| 40 (35) |
Only terminal pseudobulb with leaves; leaves deciduous in winter. |
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34 C. defoliatum |
| + |
Most of pseudobulbs with leaves; leaves persistent in winter |
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(41) |
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| 41 (40) |
Flowers 2-3 cm in diam.; sepals and petals to 17 mm; lip obscurely 3-lobed. |
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35 C. micranthum |
| + |
Flowers 4-7 cm in diam.; sepals and petals 17 mm or longer; lip distinctly 3-lobed |
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(42) |
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| 42 (41) |
Leaves 9-13 or more, strongly distichous-equitant and with broad membranous margins 1-3 mm wide at base. |
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30 C. cyperifolium |
| + |
Leaves 2-7(-10), base not strongly distichous-equitant, lacking broad membranous margins at base |
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(43) |
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| 43 (42) |
Inflorescence 1- or very rarely 2-flowered; floral bract exceeding ovary. |
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39 C. goeringii |
| + |
Inflorescence 3- to many flowered; floral bracts shorter than or nearly as long as ovary |
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(44) |
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| 44 (43) |
Pseudobulbs inconspicuous; floral bracts nearly as long as ovary; plant flowering twice per year. |
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38 C. omeiense |
| + |
Pseudobulbs conspicuous; floral bracts shorter than ovary; plant flowering once per year |
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(45) |
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| 45 (44) |
Floral bracts at middle part of inflorescence ca. as long as or more than 1/2 length of pedicel and ovary |
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(46) |
| + |
Floral bracts at middle part of inflorescence shorter than 1/2 length of ovary |
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(47) |
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| 46 (45) |
Leaves usually slightly tinged purplish, base contracted into a long, filiform petiole-like stalk. |
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37 C. qiubeiense |
| + |
Leaves not tinged purplish, not contracted at base into a petiole-like stalk. |
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36 C. kanran |
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| 47 (45) |
Leaves dark glossy green, (1.5-)2-3 cm wide, articulate 3.5-7 cm from base; inflorescence 10-20-flowered. |
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32 C. sinense |
| + |
Leaves green, 1-1.5(-2.5) cm wide, articulate 2-4 cm from base; inflorescence 3-9(-13)-flowered |
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(48) |
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| 48 (47) |
Leaves 30-60 cm, margin sometimes serrate toward apex; lip mid-lobe ovate, with a few red spots, margin kinked. |
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31 C. ensifolium |
| + |
Leaves 50-200 cm, usually lacking serrations along margin; lip mid-lobe triangular-elliptic, with transverse fine red spots, margin undulate, not kinked. |
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33 C. haematodes |
