All Floras      Advanced Search
FOC Vol. 25 Page 8, 14, 491 Login | eFloras Home | Help
FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 25 | Orchidaceae

185. Gastrochilus D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 32. 1825.

盆距兰属 pen ju lan shu

Authors: Xinqi Chen, Zhanhe Ji & Jeffrey J. Wood

Herbs, epiphytic, small to medium-sized, monopodial. Stems rather short or elongate, ascending or pendulous, enclosed in basal sheaths of leaves. Leaves many, usually distichous, narrowly elliptic or strap-shaped, slightly fleshy or leathery, flat, jointed and amplexicaul-sheathing at base, sometimes twisted at base and ± lying in one plane, apex unequally bilobed, acute or rarely with 3 setae. Inflorescence lateral, rather short, racemose or subumbellate, few to many flowered. Flowers small to medium-sized, ± fleshy. Sepals and petals free, similar, spreading. Lip firmly attached to base of column, with a subglobose-saccate or conic hypochile with lateral lobes reduced to often fleshy edges of sac; epichile fan-shaped, often broadly triangular, often hairy or papillose, margin entire to fimbriate. Column short and thick, footless; rostellum short, 2-lobed; anther subglobose, apex narrowed; pollinia waxy, 2, subglobose, porate or rarely cleft, attached by a common narrow stipe to a bilobed viscidium.

About 47 species: from India and Sri Lanka to E Asia and south to Indonesia; 29 species (17 endemic) in China.

The following three species were recently described or recorded from China:

Gastrochilus affinis (King & Pantling) Schlechter (Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 314. 1913; Saccolabium affine King & Pantling, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 8: 228. 1898), recorded from NW Yunnan (Fugong: Gaoligong Shan, 2500-2600 m) by X. H. Jin, H. Li, and D. Z. Li (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 45: 804. 2007).

Gastrochilus alatus X. H. Jin & S. C. Chen (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 45: 800. 2007), described from W Yunnan (Fugong, 2700-2800 m).

Gastrochilus malipoensis X. H. Jin & S. C. Chen (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 45: 801. 2007), described from SE Yunnan (Malipo, 1300-1400 m).

In addition, reviewer L. Averyanov notes that Gastrochilus minutiflorus Averyanov (Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 82(3): 143. 1997), described from N Vietnam, should also occur in S China. However, the present authors could not substantiate this assertion because they found no relevant specimens.


1 Stem either very short with basal leaves or elongate and rather stout (4-7 mm in diam.) with large cauline leaves (4.5-)6-23 cm   (2)
+ Stem elongate and slender (ca. 2 mm in diam.) with small cauline leaves 1-2.5(-4.5) cm   (15)
       
2 (1) Leaves 2-2.5 cm   (3)
+ Leaves more than (3-)5 cm   (4)
       
3 (2) Petals suborbicular, fimbriate at margin; lip epichile white hairy adaxially.   13 G. rantabunensis
+ Petals oblong, entire at margin; lip epichile glabrous adaxially.   14 G. xuanenensis
       
4 (2) Inflorescence racemose; leaves 3-5 cm.   1 G. platycalcaratus
+ Inflorescence subumbellate; leaves (5-)6-23 cm   (5)
       
5 (4) Central cushion on lip epichile with a groove or cavity at base   (6)
+ Central cushion on lip epichile without a groove or cavity at base   (8)
       
6 (5) Flowers 2-3 cm in diam.; dorsal sepal 12-17 mm.   2 G. bellinus
+ Flowers 1-1.8 cm in diam.; dorsal sepal 5-10 mm   (7)
       
7 (6) Stem 1-2 cm; lip epichile glabrous adaxially.   3 G. hainanensis
+ Stem 5-30 cm; lip epichile with dense papillate hairs adaxially.   4 G. calceolaris
       
8 (5) Epichile ± papillate-hairy adaxially   (9)
+ Epichile glabrous adaxially except for cushion   (12)
       
9 (8) Leaves linear, 5-8 mm wide; margin of lip epichile irregularly fimbriate.   10 G. linearifolius
+ Leaves ligulate or oblong, 1-2.5 cm wide; margin of lip epichile laciniate-erose   (10)
       
10 (9) Epichile transversely oblong or oblate, margin irregularly denticulate.   12 G. acinacifolius
+ Epichile broadly triangular, margin lacerate to erose   (11)
       
11 (10) Stem 1-2 cm, with subbasal leaves; petals ± spatulate, yellow with purple spots.   6 G. subpapillosus
+ Stem to 20 cm, with cauline leaves; petals ligulate-oblong, yellowish tinged with brownish at apex.   11 G. yunnanensis
       
12 (8) Stem 1-1.5 cm, with subbasal leaves 1.7-6 cm wide; sepals 6-12 × 3.5-6 mm.   9 G. obliquus
+ Stem (2-)5-20 cm, with cauline leaves 0.5-1.2(-1.7) cm wide; sepals 5-6 × 2.2-3 mm   (13)
       
13 (12) Epichile 5-8 mm wide, with a papillate cushion adaxially; stem terete.   8 G. japonicus
+ Epichile 3-5 mm wide, with a glabrous cushion adaxially; stem slightly compressed terete   (14)
       
14 (13) Lip hypochile narrower than epichile; cushion on epichile extending to subglobose hypochile.   5 G. intermedius
+ Lip hypochile broader than epichile; cushion on epichile not extending to hypochile.   7 G. guangtungensis
       
15 (1) Epichile glabrous adaxially   (16)
+ Epichile ± hairy adaxially   (19)
       
16 (15) Hypochile broader than epichile; leaves ± with purple-red spots   (17)
+ Hypochile narrower than epichile; leaves without purple-red spots   (18)
       
17 (16) Inflorescence 5- or 6-flowered; leaves with 1-3 short awns at apex.   15 G. pseudodistichus
+ Inflorescence 1- or 2-flowered; leaves without awns at apex.   16 G. fuscopunctatus
       
18 (16) Epichile suborbicular, with 2 conic calli at base.   17 G. distichus
+ Epichile broadly triangular, without calli at base.   18 G. fargesii
       
19 (15) Dorsal sepal 2.2-3 mm   (20)
+ Dorsal sepal 3.5-7 mm   (21)
       
20 (19) Hypochile cylindric, 2.8-3 mm tall; epichile reniform.   19 G. nanus
+ Hypochile subglobose, ca. 2 mm tall; epichile triangular.   20 G. ciliaris
       
21 (19) Hypochile subcupular or subglobose   (22)
+ Hypochile conic   (25)
       
22 (21) Epichile papillate-hairy only on central cushion, surroundings glabrous.   26 G. formosanus
+ Epichile densely shortly hairy adaxially   (23)
       
23 (22) Epichile not 2-lobed nor emarginate at apex.   27 G. saccatus
+ Epichile 2-lobed or emarginate at apex   (24)
       
24 (23) Epichile rounded and emarginate at apex.   28 G. gongshanensis
+ Epichile subtruncate and deeply 2-lobed at apex.   29 G. nanchuanensis
       
25 (21) Saccate hypochile ca. 2 × as tall as wide.   23 G. raraensis
+ Saccate hypochile ca. as tall as or slightly taller than wide   (26)
       
26 (25) Saccate hypochile ca. 2 mm tall; epichile obtuse at apex.   21 G. linii
+ Saccate hypochile 3-4.5 mm tall; epichile emarginate or retuse at apex   (27)
       
27 (26) Saccate hypochile distinctly curved forward, parallel to epichile; leaves without colored spots.   24 G. matsudae
+ Saccate hypochile not or only slightly curved forward, not parallel to epichile; leaves with purple-red or brownish purple spots   (28)
       
28 (27) Epichile 4-5 mm wide; saccate hypochile slightly curved forward; flowers with purple-red spots.   22 G. sinensis
+ Epichile ca. 8 mm wide; saccate hypochile straight; flowers with brown spots.   25 G. hoi

  • List of lower taxa


     

    Related Objects  
  • Gastrochilus.pdf
  • PDF

  • Flora of China @ efloras.org
    Browse by
    Volume
    Family
    Genera
    Advanced Search


    Flora of China Home


    Checklist

     

     

     |  eFlora Home |  People Search  |  Help  |  ActKey  |  Hu Cards  |  Glossary  |