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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 15 | Oleaceae

10. Jasminum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 7. 1753.

素馨属 su xin shu

Trees or erect or scandent shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Branchlets terete or angular and grooved. Leaves opposite or alternate, rarely whorled, simple, 3-foliolate, or odd-pinnate; petiole usually articulated. Inflorescences basically cymose, in panicles, racemes, corymbs, umbels, or heads; bracts subulate or linear, sometimes leafy. Flowers bisexual, usually heterostylous, usually fragrant. Calyx campanulate, cupular, or funnelform, 4-16-lobed. Corolla white or yellow, rarely red or purple, salverform or funnelform; lobes 4-16, imbricate in bud, sometimes doubled in cultivation. Stamens 2, included, inserted about middle of corolla tube; filaments short; anthers dorsifixed, introrse. Ovules 1 or 2 in each locule. Style filiform; stigma capitate or 2-lobed. Fruit a berry, didymous or one half aborted. Seeds without endosperm; radicle downward.

More than 200 species: Africa, Asia, Australia, South Pacific Islands, one species in the Mediterranean region; 43 species in China.


1 Leaves alternate.   (2)
+ Leaves opposite.   (4)
       
2 (1) Calyx lobes subulate-linear, as long as or longer than tube; corolla lobes often acute   3 Jasminum floridum
+ Calyx lobes deltate, truncate or subulate, shorter than or rarely as long as tube; corolla lobes often rounded.   (3)
       
3 (2) Leaflets (2 or)3(or 5), blade 3-12.5 cm; cymes in panicles, 10-120-flowered; pedicel 1-1.2(-2) cm   1 Jasminum subhumile
+ Leaflets 3-9(-13), blade 0.2-6 cm; cymes in umbels, corymbs, or panicles, 1-10(-15)-flowered; pedicel 0.2-3 cm   2 Jasminum humile
       
4 (1) Leaves pinnatipartite or pinnately compound.   (5)
+ Leaves simple or 3-foliolate.   (8)
       
5 (4) Calyx lobes deltate, rarely subulate-linear, less than 2 mm   15 Jasminum polyanthum
+ Calyx lobes subulate-linear, (2-)3-10 mm.   (6)
       
6 (5) Inner surface of flowers pink, often reddish outside; leaves often irregularly divided with lateral leaflets decurrent onto rachis   13 Jasminum stephanense
+ Inner surface of flowers white, often reddish outside; leaves regularly divided, lateral leaflets not decurrent.   (7)
       
7 (6) Inflorescences subumbellate; corolla lobes 6-12 × 3-8 mm   12 Jasminum officinale
+ Inflorescences with middle pedicels conspicuously shorter than lateral ones; corolla lobes 13-22 × 8-14 mm   14 Jasminum grandiflorum
       
8 (4) Leaves 3-foliolate, sometimes with some leaves simple.   (9)
+ Leaves simple.   (16)
       
9 (8) Calyx lobes leafy; corolla yellow.   (10)
+ Calyx lobes not leafy; corolla white, sometimes red, pink, or purple on outside.   (11)
       
10 (9) Evergreen; corolla 2-4.5 cm in diam.   4 Jasminum mesnyi
+ Deciduous; corolla 2-2.5 cm in diam.   5 Jasminum nudiflorum
       
11 (9) Terminal leaflet slightly larger than or equal to lateral leaflets.   (12)
+ Terminal leaflet much larger than lateral leaflets.   (13)
       
12 (11) Leaves leathery; inflorescences many flowered   16 Jasminum lanceolaria
+ Leaves membranous; inflorescences 3-7-flowered   17 Jasminum flexile
       
13 (11) Leaflets 3-veined at base   6 Jasminum urophyllum
+ Leaflets pinnately veined.   (14)
       
14 (13) Terminal leaflet 6-8 × as large as lateral ones; terminal petiolule 1-6 mm   19 Jasminum wengeri
+ Terminal leaflet ca. 2 × as large as lateral ones; terminal petiolule 0.7-3 cm.   (15)
       
15 (14) Leaves glabrous, except for tufts of hairs in axils of main veins underneath; calyx glabrous   9 Jasminum dispermum
+ Leaves pubescent; calyx pilose   18 Jasminum sinense
       
16 (8) Calyx lobes deltate or subtruncate, 0-2 mm.   (17)
+ Calyx lobes subulate-linear, 2 mm or more.   (27)
       
17 (16) Leaves prominently 3- or 5-veined.   (18)
+ Leaves pinnately veined.   (19)
       
18 (17) Leaves long attenuate-acute; corolla lobes much shorter than tube   6 Jasminum urophyllum
+ Leaves acuminate, but not attenuatly so; corolla lobes longer than tube   25 Jasminum cinnamomifolium
       
19 (17) Venation obscure above and below; petiole 1-4.5 cm   16 Jasminum lanceolaria
+ Venation not obscure; petioles usually less than 2 cm.   (20)
       
20 (19) Leaves narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, more than 3 × as long as broad   10 Jasminum duclouxii
+ Leaves broadly ovate, ovate, elliptic, to lanceolate or obovate to obovate-oblong, not more than 2.5 × as long as broad.   (21)
       
21 (20) Leaves 3.5-10 cm (rarely more).   (22)
+ Leaves 10-22 cm (rarely less).   (24)
       
22 (21) Inflorescences 9- to many flowered; corolla lobes 8-17 mm; leaf base cuneate to rounded   23 Jasminum seguinii
+ Inflorescences 1-5-flowered; corolla lobes 4-10 mm; leaf base rounded to truncate or subcordate.   (23)
       
23 (22) Leaves broadly ovate to elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, base broadly cuneate to truncate; calyx ca. 1 mm; corolla lobes 4-5 mm   24 Jasminum microcalyx
+ Leaves oblong to obovate-oblong, base truncate to subcordate; calyx ca. 3 mm; corolla lobes 8-10 mm   26 Jasminum pierreanum
       
24 (21) Leaves thick leathery, ovate, elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate; inflorescences axillary, rachis 2-3 cm   22 Jasminum coffeinum
+ Leaves papery or somewhat leathery, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, or ovate, oblong to obovate; inflorescences axillary or terminal, rachis 5-10 cm.   (25)
       
25 (24) Leaves broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, broadest in lower third, often with tufts of hairs in the axils of the main veins and midrib below; corolla lobes 5-7 mm   9 Jasminum dispermum
+ Leaves oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, or ovate to obovate, broadest about middle; corolla lobes 8-11 mm.   (26)
       
26 (25) Leaves with ca. 6 primary veins on each side of midrib, lowest at a sharp angle to midrib; tip of corolla usually blunt in bud, corolla tube 1.8-2.5 cm   20 Jasminum subglandulosum
+ Leaves with 8 or 9 primary veins on each side of midrib, lowest at a broad angle to midrib; tip of corolla usually acute in bud, corolla tube 1.5-1.8 cm   21 Jasminum attenuatum
       
27 (16) Leaves strongly 2- or 4-veined laterally from base (sometimes obscurely pinnately veined in J. beesianum).   (28)
+ Leaves pinnately veined.   (32)
       
28 (27) Inflorescences with conspicuous leafy bracts at base   27 Jasminum pentaneurum
+ Inflorescences without leafy bracts at base.   (29)
       
29 (28) Leaves 1-4.5 cm.   (30)
+ Leaves 2.5-13 cm.   (31)
       
30 (29) Leaves ovate, primary veins 3-5 on each side of midrib; corolla white, tube 1.7-2 cm, lobes 14-16 mm   28 Jasminum guangxiense
+ Leaves ovate to lanceolate, primary veins 1-3 on each side of midrib, obscure, sometimes only basal pair slightly obvious; corolla red, tube 0.9-1.5 cm, lobes 3-9 mm   8 Jasminum beesianum
       
31 (29) Leaves ovate to lanceolate; calyx lobes (5-)10-17 mm   30 Jasminum nervosum
+ Leaves linear to narrowly elliptic or narrowly ovate; calyx lobes 2-4 mm   29 var. brachylobum
       
32 (27) Inflorescences and calyx glabrous.   (33)
+ Inflorescence and calyx ± hairy.   (36)
       
33 (32) Leaves 1-1.5 × 0.7-1 cm, obovate to elliptic or suborbicular   42 Jasminum yuanjiangense
+ Leaves 5-19 × 1.3-8.5 cm.   (34)
       
34 (33) Leaves leathery, primary veins 7-11 on each side of midrib; calyx lobes 5-18 mm, enlarged to 2-3 cm in fruit   43 Jasminum lang
+ Leaves papery, primary veins 3-5(-9) on each side of midrib; calyx lobes 2-5 mm, not enlarged in fruit.   (35)
       
35 (34) Leaves ca. 3 × as long as broad, primary veins 5-9 on each side of midrib; inflorescences 3-6-flowered, open; pedicel 10-40 mm; corolla tube 1-1.4 cm, lobes 0.7-0.9 cm   11 Jasminum fuchsiifolium
+ Leaves ca. 2 × as long as broad, primary veins 3-5 on each side of midrib; inflorescences many flowered, dense; pedicel 0-1 mm; corolla tube 1.5-2.5 cm, lobes 0.8-1.7 cm   35 Jasminum tonkinense
       
36 (32) Stems rusty villous and tomentose, sometimes densely so.   (37)
+ Stems glabrous, pubescent, or pilose, sometimes densely so, if villous then not rusty.   (41)
       
37 (36) Inflorescences 1-4-flowered.   (38)
+ Inflorescences many flowered.   (39)
       
38 (37) Leaf blade leathery, 1-3.5 × 1-2.5 cm   31 Jasminum nintooides
+ Leaf blade papery 7-10 × 2.5-7 cm   32 Jasminum craibianum
       
39 (37) Leaf blade with 6 or 7 primary veins on each side of midrib, elliptic to broadly ovate or cordate, 6.5-19 cm   33 Jasminum rufohirtum
+ Leaf blade with 3 or 4 primary veins on each side of midrib, ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 1.5-11 cm.   (40)
       
40 (39) Inflorescences with leafy bracts at base; calyx lobes 1.5-2.5 mm   19 Jasminum wengeri
+ Inflorescences without leafy bracts at base; calyx lobes 5-14 mm   34 Jasminum elongatum
       
41 (36) Leaf blade 1-1.5 × 0.7-1 cm   42 Jasminum yuanjiangense
+ Leaf blade at least 2 × 1.5 cm.   (42)
       
42 (41) Leaves ca. 4 × as long as broad, narrowly lanceolate   7 Jasminum prainii
+ Leaves not narrowly lanceolate, 2-3 × as long as broad.   (43)
       
43 (42) Leaves without tufts of hairs in vein axils.   (44)
+ Leaves with tufts of hairs in axils of main veins and midrib below.   (46)
       
44 (43) Leaves ovate-cordate, base cordate, pilose on both surfaces; corolla tube 1.2-1.5 cm   36 Jasminum multiflorum
+ Leaves ovate to lanceolate, base often cuneate to rounded or truncate, pubescent or glabrous except along veins abaxially; corolla tube 1.5-3 cm.   (45)
       
45 (44) Leaves usually acuminate, 4.5-15 cm; corolla lobes 1.2-1.7 cm   35 Jasminum tonkinense
+ Leaves acute, 1.5-11 cm; corolla lobes 0.8-1.1 cm   34 Jasminum elongatum
       
46 (43) Pedicel less than 3 mm.   (47)
+ Pedicel (3-)8-20 mm.   (48)
       
47 (46) Inflorescences with leafy bracts at base; corolla tube ca. 3 cm; calyx green   37 Jasminum longitubum
+ Inflorescences without leafy bracts; corolla tube 1.4-2.2 cm; calyx white   38 Jasminum albicalyx
       
48 (46) Flowers solitary; leaves elliptic or narrowly ovate, rarely suborbicular, 1.5-2.7 cm broad   39 Jasminum rehderianum
+ Flowers 3-5 together, rarely solitary; leaves elliptic to lanceolate, orbicular or obovate, 2-8 cm broad.   (49)
       
49 (48) Petiole 5-10 mm; leaf apex acute to acuminate; corolla lobes lanceolate, ca. 3 mm broad   40 Jasminum hongshuihoense
+ Petiole 2-6 mm; leaf apex usually blunt, rarely very short acuminate; corolla lobes oblong to suborbicular, 5-9 mm broad   41 Jasminum sambac

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