| 1 |
Lowest lemma conspicuously long-hairy from base to apex, on marginal or all veins, hairs 2–5 mm |
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(2) |
| + |
Lowest lemma glabrous or with short scattered hairs |
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(4) |
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| 2 (1) |
Lemmas long-pilose on all veins. |
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1 M. persica |
| + |
Lemmas long-ciliate on marginal veins only |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Panicle rather lax, often 1-sided, central axis usually visible; all leaf sheaths antrorsely scaberulous; leaf blades rolled; lower glume 2/3–4/5 length of upper. |
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2 M. ciliata |
| + |
Panicle dense, cylindrical, central axis not visible; lowermost leaf sheaths retrorsely scabrid or pubescent; leaf blades flat; lower glume 1/2–2/3 length of upper. |
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3 M. transsilvanica |
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| 4 (1) |
Spikelets terminating in 1 sterile lemma, resembling the fertile lemmas but smaller; panicle branches up to 15 cm, often spreading, branchlets present |
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(5) |
| + |
Spikelets terminating in a globular cluster of rudimentary lemmas; panicle branches usually less than 5 cm, erect, unbranched or almost so, panicle sometimes racemelike (rarely branches longer or branchlets present) |
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(11) |
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| 5 (4) |
Lowest lemma 6–9 mm; leaf sheaths harshly scabrid. |
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4 M. scaberrima |
| + |
Lowest lemma 4–6.5 mm; leaf sheaths smooth, scabrid or pubescent |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Plants with slender rhizomes; panicle narrow, branches erect or ascending |
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(7) |
| + |
Plants lacking slender rhizomes; panicle broad at maturity, branches spreading |
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(8) |
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| 7 (6) |
Ligule 3–5 mm; leaf blades 2–2.5 mm wide; anthers ca. 2 mm. |
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7 M. longiligulata |
| + |
Ligule 0.3 mm or shorter; leaf blades 2–6 mm wide; anthers 0.5–1 mm. |
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8 M. przewalskyi |
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| 8 (6) |
Culms up to 150 cm tall; leaf blades 6–14 mm wide; ligule 0.2–0.5 mm. |
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5 M. onoei |
| + |
Culms up to 80 cm tall (if taller, ligule 1–4 mm); leaf blades 2–6 mm wide |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Panicle with many branches and spikelets; spikelets with purple glumes and green florets; fertile florets 2 or 3. |
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6 M. schuetzeana |
| + |
Panicle with distant divaricate branches and widely spaced spikelets; spikelets green or gray-green; fertile florets 1 or 2 |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Glumes hyaline, shining, upper glume 6–8 mm; pedicels up to 20 mm; anthers 1.8–2 mm. |
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9 M. yajiangensis |
| + |
Glumes not conspicuously hyaline and shining, upper glume 5–6 mm; pedicels 3–5 mm; anthers 1–1.25 mm. |
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10 M. taylorii |
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| 11 (4) |
Panicle racemelike, unbranched; spikelets few (3–15), borne directly on main axis |
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(12) |
| + |
Panicle branched; spikelets more than 15, borne on panicle branches |
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(14) |
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| 12 (11) |
Spikelets 5–8 mm; glumes purplish red; panicle eventually nodding. |
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11 M. nutans |
| + |
Spikelets 7–10 mm; glumes usually green; panicle erect |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Glumes subequal, ovate, obtuse. |
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12 M. grandiflora |
| + |
Glumes unequal, lanceolate, acute. |
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13 M. pappiana |
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| 14 (11) |
Culms up to 1.5 m tall; spikelets 8–14 mm; glumes obviously 5–7-veined |
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(15) |
| + |
Culms less than 1 m tall; spikelets 3.5–8(–11) mm; glumes with short inconspicuous lateral veins |
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(16) |
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| 15 (14) |
Panicle open, ovate, branches spreading; lemmas hispid below middle. |
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14 M. turczaninowiana |
| + |
Panicle dense, linear-oblong, branches erect; lemmas glabrous. |
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15 M. altissima |
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| 16 (14) |
Glumes unequal, much shorter than florets; lower glume ca. 1/2 length of adjacent lemma. |
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16 M. virgata |
| + |
Glumes subequal, large; lower glume slightly shorter to longer than adjacent lemma |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Lemma apex obtuse or acute |
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(18) |
| + |
Lemma apex very broad, denticulate-erose, usually 2-lobed or emarginate |
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(20) |
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| 18 (17) |
Panicle with many crowded spikelets, 20–50 on lower branches (including branchlets); leaf blades flat, 2–7 mm wide. |
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17 M. scabrosa |
| + |
Panicle with few spikelets, 1–6 on lower branches (branchlets absent); leaf blades usually rolled, 1–3 mm wide |
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(19) |
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| 19 (18) |
Plant tufted; ligules ca. 0.5 mm; lemmas coarsely tubercular-scabrid. |
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18 M. radula |
| + |
Plant rhizomatous; ligule 2–5 mm; lemmas scaberulous. |
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19 M. secunda |
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| 20 (17) |
Panicle lax; ligules with ca. 3 mm lobe on side opposite blade; anthers 1.2–2.2 mm. |
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20 M. kozlovii |
| + |
Panicle very dense; ligules without lobe on side opposite blade; anthers 0.6–1 mm |
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(21) |
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| 21 (20) |
Spikelets silvery green; lemmas narrowly membranous at apex; ligule abaxially glabrous. |
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21 M. tangutorum |
| + |
Spikelets purple or yellow; lemmas membranous and slightly enlarged in upper 1/3; ligule abaxially pubescent |
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(22) |
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| 22 (21) |
Panicle purple; spikelets 5–8 mm; ligules 0.8–1.5 mm. |
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22 M. tibetica |
| + |
Panicle yellow; spikelets 8–11 mm; ligules 2–4 mm. |
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23 M. subflava |
