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2. Neolitsea (Bentham & J. D. Hooker) Merrill, Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl. 1): 56. 1906.

新木姜子属 xin mu jiang zi shu

Authors: Puhua Huang & Henk van der Werff

Litsea sect. Neolitsea Bentham & J. D. Hooker, Gen. Pl. 3: 161. 1880; Bryantea Rafinesque; Tetradenia Nees (1831), not Bentham (1830).

Trees or shrubs, evergreen, dioecious. Leaves alternate, clustered, or verticillate, rarely subopposite, triplinerved, rarely pinninerved or subtriplinerved. Umbels solitary or fasciculate, pedunculate or not; bracts opposite, large, late deciduous; perianth segments 4, in 2 whorls. Flowers unisexual. Male flowers: fertile stamens 6 in 3 whorls of 2 each; filaments of 1st and 2nd whorls eglandular, of 3rd whorls 2-glandular at base; anthers all introrse, 4-celled. Female flowers: staminodes 6, clavate, of 1st and 2nd whorls eglandular, of 3rd whorls 2-glandular at base; ovary superior; style conspicuous; stigma peltate. Fruit seated on slightly enlarged disciform or concave perianth tube; pedicel often slightly thickened.

About 85 species: Indo-Malaysia to E Asia; 45 species (35 endemic) in China.

Neolitsea bawangensis R. H. Miao (Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 32(4): 57. 1993) was described from Hainan but could not be treated here because no material was seen by the present authors.


1 Leaf blade pinninerved or subtriplinerved   (2)
+ Leaf blade trinerved at base or triplinerved   (8)
       
2 (1) Young branchlets glabrous   (3)
+ Young branchlets with ferruginous tomentum or appressed pubescence   (5)
       
3 (2) Young branchlets and petioles stouter; leaf blade thickly leathery, oblong or elliptic, larger, 6.5-13 × 1-4.2 cm, transverse veins distinct abaxially.   1 N. pinninervis
+ Young branchlets and petioles relatively slender; leaf blade thinly leathery, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, smaller, 5-9 × 1.7-3.5 cm, transverse veins indistinct abaxially   (4)
       
4 (3) Leaf blade lateral veins 8-12 pairs; filaments glabrous; fruit globose.   2 N. wushanica
+ Leaf blade lateral veins 5 pairs; filaments pubescent at base; fruit ovoid.   3 N. acuminatissima
       
5 (2) Young branchlets with dense ferruginous tomentum; fruit globose; perianth segments often persistent   (6)
+ Young branchlets with appressed gray-brown pubescence; fruit ellipsoid; perianth segments deciduous   (7)
       
6 (5) Leaf blade 4-10 × 0.8-2.3 cm, petiole less than 7 mm; filaments and style glabrous.   4 N. oblongifolia
+ Leaf blade 10-17 × 3.5-6 cm, petiole more than 10 mm; filaments and style hairy.   5 N. cambodiana
       
7 (5) Leaf blade lateral veins 13-15 pairs; fruiting tube cup-shaped, ca. 5 mm in diam   6 N. undulatifolia
+ Leaf blade lateral veins 4-6 pairs; fruiting tube shallowly discoid, ca. 2 mm in diam..   7 N. confertifolia
       
8 (1) Leaf blade trinerved at base.   8 N. menglaensis
+ Leaf blade triplinerved   (9)
       
9 (8) Leaf blade glabrous abaxially when young   (10)
+ Leaf blade hairy abaxially, at least on young leaves   (25)
       
10 (9) Leaf blade distinctly foveolate on both surfaces   (11)
+ Leaf blade not foveolate on both surfaces   (15)
       
11 (10) Young branchlets with dense ferruginous or yellow-brown pubescence   (12)
+ Young branchlets glabrous   (13)
       
12 (11) Leaf blade elliptic or rounded-elliptic, abruptly acute at apex, acumen obtuse, base rotund or rounded.   29 N. hainanensis
+ Leaf blade obovate, apex obtusely rounded, base cuneate.   30 N. buisanensis
       
13 (11) Leaf blade oblong-lanceolate or oblong-obovate, apex obtusely rounded, lateral veins flat on both surfaces or impressed adaxially.   31 N. obtusifolia
+ Leaf blade not as above, apex acuminate, lateral veins prominent on both surfaces   (14)
       
14 (13) Petiole more than 15 mm, leaf blade ovate-oblong or obovate-oblong; style densely pubescent.   32 N. parvigemma
+ Petiole less than 10 mm, leaf blade ovate; style glabrous.   33 N. ovatifolia
       
15 (10) Petiole 2-4 cm   (16)
+ Petiole 0.7-1.5 cm, longest less than 2 cm   (18)
       
16 (15) Leaf blade less than 10 cm, lateral veins 2 or 3 pairs, indistinct abaxially; fruit ellipsoid, 1.3-1.8 cm.   34 N. ellipsoidea
+ Leaf blade more than 10 cm, lateral veins 3-5 pairs, distinct abaxially; fruit globose or subglobose (N. chui sometimes ellipsoid, but less than 1 cm)   (17)
       
17 (16) Leaf blade broadly ovate, ovate, or ovate-oblong, 11-20 × 6.8-13 cm; fruit globose, 15-16 mm in diam..   35 N. kwangsiensis
+ Leaf blade elliptic to ovate-elliptic, 8-16 × 2.7-9 cm; fruit subglobose or ellipsoid, ca. 8 mm in diam..   36 N. chui
       
18 (15) Midrib and lateral veins impressed adaxially, prominent abaxially.   38 N. impressa
+ Midrib and lateral veins prominent on both surfaces   (19)
       
19 (18) Leaf blade caudate-acuminate or shortly caudate-acuminate at apex   (20)
+ Leaf blade acute or acuminate at apex   (22)
       
20 (19) Leaf blade lateral veins 2 or 3 pairs, except for lowermost pairs, veins arising from above middle of blade; fruit ellipsoid.   39 N. shingningensis
+ Leaf blade lateral veins 3-6 pairs, except for lowermost pairs, veins arising from middle or below middle of blade; fruit ovoid or obovoid   (21)
       
21 (20) Young branchlets glabrous; fruit ovoid.   40 N. homilantha
+ Young branchlets ferruginous pubescent; fruit obovoid.   41 N. purpurascens
       
22 (19) Leaf blade often larger, 7.5-13 × 2.5-4.5 cm, veinlets indistinct abaxially.   37 N. sutchuanensis
+ Leaf blade often smaller, 3.5-6.5(-9) × 1.3-2.5(-4) cm, veins distinctly prominent abaxially   (23)
       
23 (22) Leaf blade oblong, obtusely acute at apex; style hirsute.   45 N. hiiranensis
+ Leaf blade ovate, ovate-lanceolate, ovate-elliptic, or elliptic, acuminate or acute at apex; style with dense sericeous pubescence or pilose at base   (24)
       
24 (23) Petiole pubescent; filaments with sericeous pubescence.   42 N. pingbienensis
+ Petiole glabrous; filaments pilose only at base.   44 N. daibuensis
       
25 (9) Leaf blade with golden yellow or pale yellow sericeous hairs abaxially   (26)
+ Leaf blade with pubescence or tomentum, not sericeous hairs abaxially   (28)
       
26 (25) Leaf blade shortly acuminate at apex, acumen obtuse; fruit globose.   9 N. sericea
+ Leaf blade falcate-acuminate, acuminate, or abruptly acute at apex, acumen not obtuse; fruit ellipsoid   (27)
       
27 (26) Leaf blade with dense golden yellow sericeous hairs abaxially, falcate-acuminate or acuminate at apex; rudimentary pistil glabrous.   10 N. aurata
+ Leaf blade with dense appressed pale yellow sericeous pubescence abaxially, abruptly acute at apex; rudimentary pistil densely puberulent.   11 N. lunglingensis
       
28 (25) Young branchlets glabrous.   43 N. konishii
+ Young branchlets hairy   (29)
       
29 (28) Midrib and lateral veins distinctly impressed adaxially on leaf blade; umbel many flowered.   12 N. velutina
+ Midrib and lateral veins elevated adaxially on leaf blade; umbel 6-flowered   (30)
       
30 (29) Leaf blade lateral veins 1 pair, arising 3-8 mm from base and extending to apex, veinlets 6-9 at one side near margin.   13 N. chrysotricha
+ Leaf blade lateral veins 2-6 pairs, lowermost pair arising from base or a little above base and extending to above middle of blade   (31)
       
31 (30) Leaf blade larger, mostly more than 12 cm, largest 15-30 cm   (32)
+ Leaf blade smaller, mostly less than 10 cm, largest not over 13 cm   (36)
       
32 (31) Leaf blade obovate, ovate, or elliptic, often 2-2.5 × as long as broad   (33)
+ Leaf blade mostly oblong shapes, often 3 × or more as long as broad   (34)
       
33 (32) Young branchlets and petioles with dense appressed gray-white short pubescence; fruiting pedicel 4-5 mm.   14 N. howii
+ Young branchlets and petioles with dense ferruginous-yellow tomentum; fruiting pedicel ca. 10 mm.   15 N. alongensis
       
34 (32) Leaf blade ovate-oblong or oblong, gray pubescent abaxially, transverse veinlets indistinct.   16 N. villosa
+ Leaf blade oblong-lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, with yellow-brown villous hairs or tomentum abaxially, transverse veinlets distinct   (35)
       
35 (34) Leaf blade caudate-acuminate at apex, broadly cuneate or rotund at base, abaxially with relatively dense yellow-brown tomentum, slightly glaucous or not.   17 N. tomentosa
+ Leaf blade shortly acute or abruptly acute at apex, base cuneate, glabrate abaxially, mostly glaucous.   18 N. levinei
       
36 (31) Young branchlets, leaf blade abaxially, and petioles with dense ferruginous-yellow tomentum; petiole ca. 5 mm.   19 N. hsiangkweiensis
+ Young branchlets, leaf blade abaxially, and petioles with pubescence; petiole often more than 10 mm   (37)
       
37 (36) Fruit obovoid-ellipsoid or ellipsoid to ovoid   (38)
+ Fruit globose or nearly globose   (39)
       
38 (37) Leaf blade lanceolate or obovate-lanceolate, pubescent abaxially when old; rudimentary pistil densely hairy.   27 N. aciculata
+ Leaf blade elliptic or oblong-elliptic, becoming glabrous abaxially when old; rudimentary pistil glabrous.   28 N. polycarpa
       
39 (37) Fruiting pedicels more than 15 mm.   20 N. longipedicellata
+ Fruiting pedicels less than 12 mm   (40)
       
40 (39) Leaf blade slightly appressed pubescent or along veins yellow pubescent abaxially   (41)
+ Leaf blade densely brown or gray villous abaxially when young   (42)
       
41 (40) Leaf blade apex acuminate, base obtuse to cuneate, not decurrent, with gray appressed pubescence abaxially when young; fruiting pedicels ca. 10 mm.   25 N. variabillima
+ Leaf blade narrowly acuminate at apex, base cuneate, slightly decurrent, only along veins with yellow pubescence abaxially when young; fruiting pedicels 4-5 mm.   26 N. zeylanica
       
42 (40) Leaf blade lateral veins, except for lowermost pair, arising from middle or below middle of blade, most distinct adaxially; petiole 1-2 cm.   21 N. phanerophlebia
+ Leaf blade lateral veins, except for lowermost pair, arising from above middle of blade, often indistinct adaxially; petiole 0.5-0.8 cm   (43)
       
43 (42) Leaf blade thickly leathery, shiny adaxially, margin not sinuous-rugose in a dry state.   22 N. pulchella
+ Leaf blade thinly leathery, somewhat shiny adaxially, margin sinuous-rugose in a dry state   (44)
       
44 (43) Fruiting pedicels (6-)10-12 mm; leaf blade distinctly gray-white abaxially, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs.   23 N. pallens
+ Fruiting pedicels 3-5 mm; leaf blade grayish green abaxially, lateral veins 3 or 4 pairs.   24 N. brevipes

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