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110. Pleione D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 36. 1825.
独蒜兰属 du suan lan shu
Authors: Xinqi Chen, Phillip J. Cribb & Stephan W. Gale
Herbs epiphytic, lithophytic, or terrestrial. Pseudobulbs annual, often clustered, ovoid, conic, pyriform, or turbinate, gradually narrowed toward apex to form a distinct neck, sometimes abruptly contracted into a very short neck, 1- or 2-leaved at apex. Leaves usually papery, plicate, usually contracted at base into a short petiole-like stalk, usually deciduous or falling in winter. Inflorescences 1 or 2, arising from base of an old pseudobulb, erect, appearing either before or after leaves, 1- or 2-flowered; floral bracts often colorful, persistent. Flowers large, usually showy, opening widely, sometimes fragrant. Sepals usually free, similar. Petals similar to but usually slightly narrower than sepals; lip conspicuously larger than sepals, entire or obscurely 3-lobed, sometimes basally adnate to column base, apical margin erose or lacerate; disk with a callus consisting of 2 to several lamellae or rows of papillae extending along central veins. Column slightly arcuate, slender, winged above, apex usually erose; pollinia 4, in 2 pairs, waxy, often obovoid and bilaterally flattened. Capsule fusiform, with 3 longitudinal ribs.
About 26 species: from Nepal, across C, S, and E China and Bhutan, south to Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam; 23 species (12 endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Pseudobulb 2-leaved |
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(2) |
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Pseudobulb 1-leaved |
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(6) |
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| 2 (1) |
Plants spring-flowering; leaves developing at flowering |
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(3) |
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Plants autumn-flowering; leaves deciduous or withered at flowering |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Lip much broader than long, apex obtuse or emarginate; callus on disk composed of 5-9 lacerate lamellae. |
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5 P. scopulorum |
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Lip ca. as broad as long, apex subacute; callus on disk composed of 5-9 rows of papillae that grade into lacerate lamellae midway along mid-lobe. |
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6 P. kaatiae |
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| 4 (2) |
Sheaths on pseudobulb warty; pseudobulb green, mottled purplish brown; column 35-45 mm. |
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3 P. praecox |
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Sheaths on pseudobulb smooth; pseudobulb green; column 14-20 mm |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Pseudobulb turbinate to pyriform, usually with a short, indistinct neck; lip 3-lobed at or below middle; apical margin of lip erose; column 17-20 mm. |
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1 P. maculata |
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Pseudobulb ovoid-conic or flask-shaped, apex contracted into an elongate neck; lip 3-lobed above middle; apical margin of lip emarginate and undulate, not erose; column 14-17 mm. |
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2 P. autumnalis |
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| 6 (1) |
Plants autumn-flowering; pseudobulb turbinate, dorsiventrally flattened, much thicker than tall; sepals fused in basal half and forming a tube. |
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4 P. saxicola |
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Plants spring-flowering; pseudobulb ovoid to conic, taller than thick; sepals free to base |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Callus on lip composed of rows of individual papillae |
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(8) |
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Callus on lip composed of entire, erose, lacerate, or denticulate lamellae |
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(12) |
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| 8 (7) |
Sepals and petals white |
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(9) |
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Sepals and petals pink, rose-purple, pale purplish red, or purple |
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(10) |
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| 9 (8) |
Lip base saccate and with a short spur 1-2 mm. |
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10 P. albiflora |
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Lip base neither saccate nor spurred. |
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11 P. humilis |
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| 10 (8) |
Sepals 39-50 mm; petals strongly reflexed. |
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9 P. aurita |
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Sepals 20-35(-45) mm; petals spreading, not reflexed |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Lip with 7 rows of papillae; plants often stoloniferous. |
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7 P. hookeriana |
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Lip with 6 rows of papillae; plants not stoloniferous. |
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8 P. chunii |
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| 12 (7) |
Flowers orange-yellow, yellow, or yellowish white, sometimes with red, crimson, or brown marks on lip, and sometimes overlaid with purple on sepals and petals |
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(13) |
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Flower white, red, or purple, never tinged with yellow |
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(15) |
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| 13 (12) |
Lamellae on lip entire. |
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13 P. forrestii |
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Lamellae on lip slightly erose or erose-lacerate |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Sepals and petals yellow, not overlaid with purple. |
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14 P. ×confusa |
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Sepals and petals yellow, overlaid with purple. |
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15 P. ×christianii |
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| 15 (12) |
Floral bract shorter than ovary |
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(16) |
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Floral bract ca. as long as or exceeding ovary |
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(17) |
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| 16 (15) |
Lip purplish, pink, or sometimes white, with purple or deep red spots on lip; lamellae on lip entire or slightly erose. |
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16 P. yunnanensis |
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Lip purplish pink, sometimes tinged white, with bold broad purple stripes on apical margin; lamellae on lip ragged. |
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17 P. ×taliensis |
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| 17 (15) |
Sepals and petals pure white |
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(18) |
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Sepals and petals bright rose-purple, purplish violet, pink, rose-pink, pale purple, purplish red, or white tinged pink (occasionally pure white in P. formosana) |
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(19) |
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| 18 (17) |
Dorsal sepal 30-40 mm; lamellae on lip entire. |
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13 P. forrestii |
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Dorsal sepal 50-55 mm; lamellae on lip lacerate. |
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18 P. grandiflora |
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| 19 (17) |
Lamellae on lip lacerate. |
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12 P. ×kohlsii |
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Lamellae on lip entire, erose, or denticulate |
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(20) |
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| 20 (19) |
Pseudobulb geniculate-curved; leaf 0.2-1.1 cm wide. |
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23 P. microphylla |
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Pseudobulb not curved; leaf 2-7 cm wide |
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(21) |
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| 21 (20) |
Sepals 28-35 mm; lip 25-40 mm; column 25-30 mm. |
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22 P. limprichtii |
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Sepals 35-65 mm; lip 35-55 mm; column 27-45 mm |
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(22) |
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| 22 (21) |
Lip strongly deflexed at apical 1/3, lacking marks on lateral lobes; disk with 2 or 4 denticulate lamellae. |
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21 P. pleionoides |
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Lip not strongly deflexed, with reddish, brownish, or dark purple marks on lateral lobes; disk with 2-5 entire or erose lamellae |
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(23) |
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| 23 (22) |
Lip usually same color as sepals and petals; disk with 4 or 5 erose, uninterrupted lamellae. |
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19 P. bulbocodioides |
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Lip usually different in color from sepals and petals; disk with 2-5 entire or erose, usually interrupted lamellae. |
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20 P. formosana |
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List of lower taxa
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