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14. Polyalthia Blume, Fl. Javae, Annonaceae. 68. 1830.
暗罗属 an luo shu
Authors: Bingtao Li & Michael G. Gilbert
Trees or shrubs. Inflorescences axillary, internodal, or leaf-opposed, sessile or shortly pedunculate, 1- to many flowered. Flowers usually bisexual. Sepals 3, usually small, valvate or rarely subimbricate in bud, free. Petals 6, in 2 whorls, free, valvate or rarely subimbricate in bud, subequal, flat and spreading; inner petals sometimes slightly larger or smaller than outer, concave and arched over stamens. Stamens usually many; anther locules cuneate; connectives apically orbicular or rhomboidal, concealing anther locules, apex flat-topped or slightly convex. Carpels rather few to many, free; ovules 1 or 2(or 3) per carpel, basal or sutural; styles absent, very short, or long; stigmas mostly dilated. Fruit apocarpous; monocarps few to many, short to long stipitate, mostly globose or ovoid, fleshy. Seeds 1 or 2(or 3) per monocarp, with a longitudinal circumferential groove.
About 120 species: Old World tropics from Africa to the W Pacific, with the center of distribution in SE Asia; 17 species (six endemic, one introduced) in China.
Molecular data (Mols et al., Amer. J. Bot. 91: 590-600. 2004) have shown that Polyalthia as traditionally delineated is polyphyletic and will eventually have to be divided among several genera.
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Key to flowering material
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| 1 |
Inner petals 0.2-1 cm |
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(2) |
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Inner petals (1-)1.3-9 cm |
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(6) |
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| 2 (1) |
Sepals 8-9 mm. |
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8 P. cerasoides |
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Sepals 2-2.5 mm |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaf blade leathery, glabrous; carpels at least partly hairy. |
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9 P. littoralis |
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Leaf blade membranous to papery, adaxially minutely hairy along midrib; carpels glabrous or pubescent |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Inner petals ca. 3.5 mm; carpels ca. 7, glabrous. |
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10 P. florulenta |
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Inner petals ca. 10 mm; carpels many, pubescent |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Leaf blade 5-11 × 2-4 cm, secondary veins inconspicuous; stigmas glabrous. |
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12 P. suberosa |
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Leaf blade 13.5-24 × 4-5 cm, secondary veins raised; stigmas villous. |
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15 P. lancilimba |
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| 6 (1) |
Petals 6-9 cm |
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(7) |
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Petals (1-)1.3-5.5 cm |
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(8) |
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| 7 (6) |
Sepals ca. 12 mm. |
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2 P. litseifolia |
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Sepals 3-5 mm. |
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17 P. liukiuensis |
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| 8 (6) |
Petals 0.6-3 cm wide |
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(9) |
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Petals 0.2-0.5 cm wide |
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(11) |
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| 9 (8) |
Leaf blade secondary veins 24-28 on each side of midvein. |
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7 P. pingpienensis |
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Leaf blade secondary veins 7-18 on each side of midvein |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Petiole puberulent; leaf blade secondary veins 7-10 on each side of midvein; inflorescences several flowered; petals 2-3.5 × 1-1.5 cm. |
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11 P. laui |
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Petiole glabrous; leaf blade secondary veins 14-18 on each side of midvein; inflorescences 1-flowered; petals 3-5.5 × 1.5-3 cm. |
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16 P. rumphii |
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| 11 (8) |
Pedicel 1-1.8 cm; petals white, 1-1.3 cm. |
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14 P. obliqua |
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Pedicel 2-4 cm; petals green to yellow, 1.3-3.8(-5) cm |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaf blade margin undulate, secondary veins 18-24 on each side of midvein. |
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13 P. longifolia |
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Leaf blade margin not undulate, secondary veins 13-20 on each side of midvein |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Petals densely minutely hairy, to 3.8(-5) cm. |
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4 P. fragrans |
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Petals glabrous or only very sparsely hairy on inside, 1.3-3.5 cm |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Leaf blade with pellucid dots; ovaries pubescent and with 1 basal ovule. |
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5 P. simiarum |
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Leaf blade without pellucid dots; ovaries glabrous and with 2 ovules |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Branches and leaf midvein and secondary veins pubescent; leaf blade 18-28 × 5-8.5 cm, smooth; petals ca. 3 cm. |
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6 P. viridis |
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Branches and leaf midvein and secondary veins glabrous; leaf blade 9-17 × 2.5-5 cm; petals ca. 1.3 cm |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Leaf blade membranous, densely verrucate, secondary veins 15-18 on each side of midvein, apex acuminate. |
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1 P. verrucipes |
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Leaf blade thinly papery, not verrucate, secondary veins 8-10 on each side of midvein, apex caudate. |
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3 P. chinensis |
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List of Keys
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List of lower taxa
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