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11. Senna Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. 1754.

番泻决明属 fan xie jue ming shu

Herbs, shrubs, or small trees. Leaves abruptly pinnate; leaflets opposite; rachis and petiole with or without glands. Flowers in axillary or terminal racemes; bracteoles absent. Sepals 5. Petals 5, subequal, usually yellow. Stamens 10; filaments of all stamens straight, sometimes 10 fertile, subequal, sometimes 3 adaxial stamens staminodes, (6 or)7 fertile; anther thecae not ciliate along suture. Legume either indehiscent or inertly dehiscent through 1 or both sutures, in last case not coiling, sometimes valves breaking up into 1-seeded joints. Seeds numerous, funicle filiform.

About 260 species: pantropical; 15 species (13 introduced) in China.


1 Petiole and rachis of leaves without glands   (2)
+ Petiole and rachis of leaves with glands   (5)
       
2 (1) Petiole and rachis of leaves with 2 longitudinal ribs, narrowly winged; legume with a membranous wing at middle downward to base of each valve.   1 S. alata
+ Petiole and rachis of leaves without wings   (3)
       
3 (2) Leaflets abaxially densely yellowish brown velutinous; legume narrowly cylindric.   4 S. spectabilis
+ Leaflets abaxially glabrous and farina-white; legume flattened   (4)
       
4 (3) Leaflets 6-10 pairs; stipules linear, caducous.   2 S. siamea
+ Leaflets 8-16 pairs; stipules ovate-cordate, tardily deciduous.   3 S. didymobotrya
       
5 (1) Glands on petiole only   (6)
+ Glands only present on rachis between leaflets   (9)
       
6 (5) Gland on upper part of petiole, blackish brown, discoid, sessile; leaflets 8-28 pairs.   8 S. nomame
+ Leaf with a solitary gland above base of petiole; leaflets 3-10 pairs   (7)
       
7 (6) Young branchlets, petiole, and rachis of leaves densely yellowish brown villous; leaflets villous on both surfaces; legume densely hirsute on surfaces of valves.   5 S. hirsuta
+ Plants glabrous or subglabrous throughout; legume glabrous   (8)
       
8 (7) Petiolar gland sessile, globose or ovoid, at basal joint; legume flattened, 10-13 cm.   6 S. occidentalis
+ Petiolar gland narrow, clavate to subulate, above basal joint; legume terete, 5-10 cm, with light-colored suture.   7 S. sophera
       
9 (5) Leaflets 2 pairs, obliquely ovate, very unequally sided, 4-16.5 × 2-7 cm, larger half facing leaf base.   9 S. fruticosa
+ Leaflets 3 to more pairs, smaller than above   (10)
       
10 (9) Leaflets 10-26(-50) pairs, a conical or narrowly ovoid gland between lowermost pair of leaflets (often early caducous).   10 S. multijuga
+ Leaflets 3-9 pairs   (11)
       
11 (10) Fertile stamens 10   (12)
+ Fertile stamens 7   (13)
       
12 (11) Leaflets 4-6 pairs; leaves 15-30 cm; stipe of legume 10-20 mm.   11 S. sulfurea
+ Leaflets 6-9 pairs; leaves 10-15 cm; stipe of legume 5-7 mm.   12 S. surattensis
       
13 (11) Rachis of leaves with a gland between lowest pair of leaflets.   15 S. bicapsularis
+ Rachis of leaves with a gland between each pair of leaflets   (14)
       
14 (13) Legume terete, 6-10 × ca. 1 cm; leaflets ovate to ovate-elliptic, apex acute to acuminate.   13 S. septemtrionalis
+ Legume linear, terete, 10-15 × ca. 0.5 cm; leaflets obovate, apex broadly rounded.   14 S. tora

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