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3. Woodsia R. Brown, Prodr. 158. 1810.
岩蕨属 yan jue shu
Plants small, usually epilithic. Rhizomes short, erect or ascending, rarely decumbent, scaly; scales lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, membranous. Fronds clustered; stipe shorter than lamina, articulate at various levels, i.e., from top to near base, or continuous in some species; lamina 1-pinnate or 1-pinnate-pinnatifid, lanceolate, herbaceous or subpapery, usually with articulate hairs or scales, rarely glabrous, base gradually tapering. Veins free, pinnate, not reaching laminar margin. Sori small, consisting of 3-18 sporangia, orbicular, on veinlets or at veinlet tips; indusia inferior, various, usually saucer- to cup-shaped, dissected into ciliate platelike segments or reduced into curly, multicellular hairs, sometimes exindusiate. Spores ellipsoid, monolete, perispore folded with granular, echinate or tuberculate ornamentations on surface. x = 39, 41.
About 38 species: widely distributed in N temperate regions and higher elevations of tropical America, Africa, and Madagascar; 20 species (eight endemic) in China.
The following taxon is excluded from the present treatment, pending further research: Woodsia shennongensis D. S. Jiang & D. M. Chen (J. Hunan Agric. Univ. 26(2): 88. 2000), described from Hubei (Shennongjia).
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| 1 |
Stipe continuous, i.e., not articulate; indusia reduced into curly, multicellular hairs or apparently sori exindusiate (W. subg. Eriosorus (Ching) Shmakov) |
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(2) |
| + |
Stipe articulate at various levels; indusia cup- or saucer-shaped, fimbriate, long ciliate |
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(9) |
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| 2 (1) |
Rhizome ascending or decumbent; lamina 1-imparipinnate, pinnae entire, slightly undulate, or crenate-lobed to pinnatifid |
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(3) |
| + |
Rhizome erect, occasionally ascending; lamina 1-paripinnate or bipinnatifid, apical pinna absent, pinnae not entire; sori covered by curly, long multicellular hairs |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Pinnae entire or slightly undulate; sori exindusiate or with much-reduced indusia hidden. |
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19 W. cycloloba |
| + |
Pinnae crenate-lobed to pinnatifid; indusia consisting of pale, long, crested hairs. |
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20 W. okamotoi |
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| 4 (2) |
Lamina 1-pinnate |
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(5) |
| + |
Lamina bipinnatifid |
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(6) |
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| 5 (4) |
Rachis with sparse long hairs, occasionally with 1 or 2 scales; pinnae ovate, both surfaces sparsely shortly hairy. |
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13 W. macrospora |
| + |
Rachis densely covered with scales; pinnae oblong-ovate, both surfaces densely covered with loose long hairs. |
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14 W. cinnamomea |
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| 6 (4) |
Plants 2-10 cm tall (usually ca. 5 cm tall); stipe and rachis chestnut or brown or brown- stramineous; lamina covered with hairs and/or scales abaxially; pinnae 4-10 pairs |
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(7) |
| + |
Plants to 25 cm; stipes brown or brown-stramineous; lamina densely covered only with loose ferruginous hairs; pinnae 6-15 pairs |
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(8) |
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| 7 (6) |
Stipe and rachis chestnut; pinnae sessile; lamina covered with hairs and scales abaxially. |
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15 W. lanosa |
| + |
Stipe and rachis brown or brown-stramineous; pinnae stalked to 1 mm; lamina covered with hairs only abaxially. |
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16 W. guizhouensis |
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| 8 (6) |
Pinnae ovate, basal pinnae not reduced or slightly reduced; indusia composed of glandular-tipped hairs. |
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17 W. andersonii |
| + |
Pinnae elliptic, lower pinnae obviously reduced; indusia composed of ciliate platelike lobes. |
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18 W. rosthorniana |
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| 9 (1) |
Stipe articulate at or below middle (W. subg. Woodsia) |
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(10) |
| + |
Stipe articulate at top, or sometimes at upper parts |
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(14) |
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| 10 (9) |
Lamina covered with long hairs and scales; stipes robust, castaneous or castaneous-brown |
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(11) |
| + |
Lamina glabrous or with long hairs, without any scales; stipes slender, substramineous |
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(12) |
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| 11 (10) |
Lamina subglabrous, with sparse long hairs and scales on rachis; pinnae short, triangular-ovate or ovate, pinnatifid. |
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4 W. alpina |
| + |
Lamina sparsely long hairy, rachis and costae scaly beneath; pinnae long, ovate-lanceolate, pinnatipartite nearly to costa. |
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5 W. ilvensis |
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| 12 (10) |
Lamina sparsely hairy abaxially, hairs long; pinnae shortly stalked. |
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3 W. shensiensis |
| + |
Lamina glabrous; pinnae sessile |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Pinnae triangular-ovate, apex obtuse, 3-5 mm. |
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1 W. glabella |
| + |
Pinnae subrhombic, apex acuminate or acute, up to 8 mm. |
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2 W. hancockii |
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| 14 (9) |
Indusia platelike; pinna base usually symmetrical or ?symmetrical (W. subg. Woodsia) |
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(15) |
| + |
Indusia cup-shaped; pinna base asymmetrical or rarely symmetrical (W. subg. Acrolysis Nakai) |
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(16) |
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| 15 (14) |
Stipe 4-8 cm, brown or light castaneous; pinnae to 2 cm, pinnatifid. |
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11 W. subcordata |
| + |
Stipe 1-3 cm, stramineous; pinnae 4-6 mm, pinnatifid into 3-5 segments. |
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12 W. sinica |
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| 16 (14) |
Pinnae below laminar apex free, elliptic-lanceolate or falcate-lanceolate; midvein scaly abaxially |
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(17) |
| + |
Upper pinnae adnate, triangular-lanceolate or elliptic; midvein without scales or with few scales only abaxially |
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(18) |
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| 17 (16) |
Pinnae entire or undulate. |
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6 W. polystichoides |
| + |
Pinnae pinnatilobate on both sides. |
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7 W. pilosa |
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| 18 (16) |
Only basal pinnae free, upper pinnae adnate, base symmetrical; rachis densely covered with long hairs, but without scales. |
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8 W. macrochlaena |
| + |
Lower pinnae free, upper pinnae adnate, base asymmetrical; rachis covered with hairs and scales |
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(19) |
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| 19 (18) |
Pinnae sparsely hairy, herbaceous. |
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9 W. oblonga |
| + |
Pinnae densely hairy on both surfaces, subpapery. |
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10 W. intermedia |
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List of lower taxa
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