|
15. Tribe AESCHYNOMENEAE
合萌族 he meng zu
Authors: Ren Sa & Alfonso Delgado Salinas
Herbs or shrubs, sometimes scandent, rarely small trees, sometimes glandular with pellucid punctate or with tuberculate-based hairs. Leaves pari- or imparipinnate; leaflets usually 5 to many, sometimes 1-4, alternate or opposite; stipules sometimes appendiculate below point of attachment, sometimes spinescent; stipels usually absent. Inflorescences racemose or sometimes paniculate, fasciculate, or subcymose, or flowers solitary, axillary or terminal; bracts similar to stipules or large and circular, often enclosing flowers and fruit; bracteoles paired. Calyx campanulate with subequal lobes or teeth, or bilabiate. Corolla papilionaceous. Stamens 10, usually monadelphous or diadelphous (5+5); anthers uniform or dimorphic. Legumes usually a loment or lomentaceous (except Arachis unjointed and geocarpic), usually straight or slightly curved, or sometimes coiled or plicate, enclosed in calyx. Seeds reniform; hilum short, lateral.
About 23 genera (Arthrocarpum I. B. Balfour and Pachecoa Standley & Steyermark have been merged into Chapmannia Torrey & A. Gray) and ca. 530 species: tropical, subtropical, and warm-temperate areas; seven genera (three introduced) and 14 species (five introduced) in China.
The circumscription adopted here follows V. E. Rudd’s revision of Aeschynomeneae (in R. M. Polhill & P. H. Raven, Advances Legume Syst. 1: 347-354. 1981). Recently, all members of Aeschynomeneae have been included in an enlarged Dalbergieae sensu lato (Lavin & Klitgaard in Lewis et al., Legumes World, 307-335. 2005). However, the two elements are so disparate morphologically that a conservative treatment has been adopted here, i.e., maintaining both tribes. The Aeschynomeneae contains members of economic importance. Notable among them is the worldwide crop Arachis hypogaea (peanut). Cultivars of two additional species of Arachis and two of Stylosanthes have been introduced and grown as fodder plants in China.
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
Stipules not spurred, free or largely or partly adnate to petiole |
|
(2) |
| + |
Stipules spurred below point of insertion, peltate or bilaterally auriculate |
|
(4) |
| |
|
|
|
| 2 (1) |
Stipules free, not adnate to petiole; leaflets 9-17 per leaf; flowers pedicellate, with a short hypanthium; calyx subequally 5-toothed; legume walls longitudinally parallel veined. |
|
59 Ormocarpum |
| + |
Stipules largely or partly adnate to petiole (pseudopetiole); leaflets 3 or 4 per leaf; flowers sessile, with a long hypanthium; calyx usually 2-lipped; legume walls reticulate veined |
|
(3) |
| |
|
|
|
| 3 (2) |
Leaflets 4 per leaf; legume not a loment, geocarpic, subterete, apex not beaked. |
|
57 Arachis |
| + |
Leaflets 3 per leaf; legume a loment, not geocarpic, compressed, apex of apical article beaked. |
|
61 Stylosanthes |
| |
|
|
|
| 4 (1) |
Leaflets 8 to many per leaf; bracts small, shorter than flowers, not enclosing flowers and fruit; bracteoles present |
|
(5) |
| + |
Leaflets usually 2 or 4 per leaf; bracts enlarged, usually enclosing flowers and often fruit; bracteoles absent |
|
(6) |
| |
|
|
|
| 5 (4) |
Inflorescences racemose, lax; bracts membranous, usually persistent; fruit with articles flattened, not plicate, not enclosed in calyx. |
|
56 Aeschynomene |
| + |
Inflorescences usually scorpioid-cymose, congested; bracts scarious, caducous; fruit with articles plicate, enclosed in calyx. |
|
60 Smithia |
| |
|
|
|
| 6 (4) |
Leaves pinnate, with 4 leaflets; leaflet blades black punctuate; leaf rachis swollen to shortly winged; bracts suborbicular to obliquely reniform; fruit with 1 or 2 articles. |
|
58 Geissaspis |
| + |
Leaves digitate, with 2 leaflets; leaflet blades pellucid punctuate; leaf rachis not fleshy; bracts usually peltate, longer than broad; fruit with 2-7 articles. |
|
62 Zornia |
|
|
|
Lower Taxa
| Related Links (opens in a new window) |
|
Other Databases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
