欧洲赤松(原变种) ou zhou chi song (yuan bian zhong)

Winter buds red-brown, oblong-ovoid. Needles stout, (0.5-)3-7 cm × ca. 2 mm.

Mountains, dry rocky slopes; 400-800(-900) m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, NE Nei Mongol; cultivated in Beijing Shi, Liaoning (Gai Xian) [Kazakhstan, ?Mongolia, Russia; SW Asia, Europe]

The timber is used for construction, railway sleepers, ship building, and making poles and furniture. The trunk can be used as a source of resin, and the bark for tannin.