南方虾脊兰 nan fang xia ji lan

Alismorkis foerstermannii (H. G. Reichenbach) Kuntze; A. lyroglossa (H. G. Reichenbach) Kuntze; Calanthe foerstermannii H. G. Reichenbach; C. forsythiiflora Hayata; C. liukiuensis Schlechter; C. lyroglossa var. forsythiiflora (Hayata) S. S. Ying.

Plants 30-50 cm tall. Rhizome short, stout. Pseudobulbs clavate-cylindric, 2-3 cm. Leaves 3-5, basal, well developed at anthesis, not deciduous; blade oblanceolate, plicate, 30-60(-100) × 3-8.5 cm, glabrous, apex acuminate; petiole-like base 5-8 cm, sheathing, articulate. Scape arising from base of pseudobulb, erect, 30-50 cm, stout, lower part with 3 or 4 tubular sheaths; rachis 8-14 cm, densely many flowered; floral bracts caducous, lanceolate, to 40 mm, membranous, glabrous. Flowers small, yellow, turning black when dried; ovary and pedicel ca. 10 mm, glabrous. Sepals similar, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 6-9 × ca. 3 mm, 3-veined, apex acuminate. Petals elliptic, ca. 6 × 3 mm, 3-veined, apex acute or apiculate; lip adnate to base of column wings, ca. 5 × 5 mm, obscurely 3-lobed; lateral lobes suborbicular, small, to 1 mm, sometimes inconspicuous; mid-lobe reniform or nearly transversely oblong, ca. 3 × 5 mm, apex emarginate; disk with 2 triangular lamellae at base; spur clavate, ca. 5 mm, apex slightly 2-lobed. Column 3-4 mm, thick, dilated at apex; rostellum ovate-triangular, large, unlobed; anther cap beaked; pollinia obovoid or clavate, subequal in size, ca. 1.2 mm, with a conspicuous caudicle; viscidium peltate. Capsule ± pendulous, ellipsoid-globose, ca. 1 × 0.7 cm. Fl. Dec-Feb. 2n = 40.

Forests, along streamsides and valleys; below 1500 m. C and S Hainan, Taiwan [Cambodia, NE India, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].