美冠兰 mei guan lan

Eulophia decipiens Kurz; E. gusukumae Masamune; E. inconspicua Griffith; E. ramosa Hayata (1911), not Ridley (1885); E. sinensis Miquel; E. ucbii Malhotra & Balodi; E. venusta Schlechter; Graphorkis decipiens (Kurz) Kuntze; G. graminea (Lindley) Kuntze; G. inconspicua (Griffith) Kuntze.

Plants autotrophic, 40-80 cm tall. Pseudobulb borne above ground, erect, ovoid, conic, oblong, or subglobose, 3-7 × 2-4 cm, several noded, sometimes present in large numbers and forming clusters to 20-30 cm in diam. Leaves 3-5, present at or emerging after anthesis, linear to linear-lanceolate, 13-35 × 0.7-1 cm, apex acuminate; petiole-like stalk enclosed in several basal sheaths and forming a pseudostem. Inflorescence racemose or occasionally 1- or 2-branched and paniculate, 40-75 cm, slender, with several scattered sheaths 1.5-3.5 cm; rachis 12-40 cm, laxly 4- to more than 10-flowered; floral bracts linear-lanceolate, 4-8 × ca. 2 mm, shorter than ovary, apex acuminate. Flowers medium-sized, to ca. 30 mm in diam.; sepals and petals olive-green with dark green venation, lip white with purplish red lamellae; pedicel and ovary 15-20 mm. Dorsal sepal narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 11-15 × 1.5-3 mm, apex acuminate; lateral sepals similar to dorsal sepal, usually slightly longer and slightly oblique. Petals reflexed above middle, narrowly ovate, 9-10 × 2.5-3 mm, apex shortly acuminate; lip subobovate-oblong, 9-10 × 4-5 mm, spurred at base, 3-lobed at or below middle; lateral lobes small; mid-lobe orbicular, 4-5 × 4-5 mm, apex with an acute mucro; disk with (3 or)5 longitudinal lamellae, extending from base of lip almost to apex of mid-lobe, divided into fimbriate fringes on mid-lobe, white tinged purplish red; spur usually curving forward, cylindric or slightly clavate, 3-3.5 mm, apex acute to obtuse. Column 4-5 mm, without a column foot. Capsule pendulous, ellipsoid, 25-30 × ca. 10 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. May-Jun. 2n = 42, 48, 56.

Grassy places in open forests, open slopes, disturbed grasslands, forests along sandy beaches, coastal grasslands; 900-2100 m. Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].