柔毛堇菜 rou mao jin cai

Viola adenothrix Hayata; V. adenothrix var. tsugitakaensis (Masamune) J. C. Wang & T. C. Huang; V. arisanensis W. Becker; V. brachycentra Hayata; V. canescens Wallich f. glabrescens W. Becker; V. canescens subsp. lanuginosa W. Becker; V. principis H. Boissieu; V. principis var. acutifolia C. J. Wang; V. pulla W. Becker; V. thrichopoda Hayata; V. tsugitakaensis Masamune.

Herbs perennial, spreading white puberulous throughout. Rhizome robust, 2-4 cm, 3-7 mm in diam. Stolon longer, elongated, puberulous, sometimes stemlike. Leaves nearly basal or alternate on stolon; stipules mostly free, brown or greenish, dark striate, broadly lanceolate, 1.2-1.8 cm × 3-4 mm, margin long fimbriate-dentate, apex acuminate; petiole 5-13 cm, densely villous, wingless; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, sometimes suborbicular, 2-6 × 2-4.5 cm, abaxially puberulous, more densely so along veins, base broadly cordate or narrowly cordate, margin densely and shallowly obtusely dentate, apex rounded, rarely acuminate. Flowers white; pedicels usually exceeding leaves, densely spreading white puberulous, 2-bracteolate above middle; bracteoles opposite, linear. Sepals narrowly ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 7-9 mm, apex acuminate, basal auricles short, ca. 2 mm, 3-veined, margin puberulous outside, apex obtuse. Petals oblong-obovate, 1-1.5 cm, apex ± acute, lateral ones slightly bearded, anterior one shorter, ca. 7 mm (spur included), apex acute; spur saccate, short, 2-2.5 mm, stout, ca. 2 mm in diam.; spur of 2 anterior stamens angular, slightly longer than anthers, apex acute. Ovary conic, glabrous; styles clavate, base slightly geniculate, thickened upward, slightly flat at apex, conspicuously margined on lateral sides, shortly beaked in front, with a stigma hole open upward at tip of beak. Capsule narrowly orbicular, ca. 8 mm, glabrous. Fl. Mar-Jun, fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 24*.

● Mountain forests, forest margins, grasslands, stream valleys, roadsides; 600-3800 m. S Anhui, Fujian, N Guangdong, N Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.