阴生掌裂兰 yin sheng zhang lie lan

Orchis umbrosa Karelin & Kirilov, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 504. 1842; Dactylorchis umbrosa (Karelin & Kirilov) Wendelbo; Dactylorhiza chuhensis Renz & Taubenheim; D. incarnata (Linnaeus) Soó subsp. turkestanica (Klinge) H. Sundermann; D. knorringiana (Kraenzlin) Ikonnikov; D. kotschyi (H. G. Reichenbach) P. F. Hunt & Summerhayes; D. merovensis (Grossheim) Averyanov; D. persica (Schlechter) Soó; D. renzii Averyanov; D. sanasunitensis (H. Fleischmann) Soó; D. umbrosa var. chuhensis (Renz & Taubenheim) Kreutz; D. umbrosa var. knorringiana (Kraenzlin) Soó; D. umbrosa var. longibracteata Renz; D. umbrosa var. ochroleuca (Bornmüller) Renz; O. hatagirea D. Don var. afghanica Soó; O. incarnata Linnaeus var. knorringiana Kraenzlin; O. incarnata var. kotschyi H. G. Reichenbach; O. incarnata f. ochroleuca Bornmüller; O. knorringiana (Kraenzlin) Czerniak; O. kotschyi (H. G. Reichenbach) Schlechter; O. merovensis Grossheim; O. orientalis (H. G. Reichenbach) Klinge subsp. turkestanica Klinge; O. persica Schlechter; O. sanasunitensis H. Fleischmann; O. turkestanica (Klinge) Klinge ex B. Fedtschenko.

Plants usually robust, 15-45 cm tall. Tubers palmately 3-5-lobed. Stem erect, stout, hollow, with 2 or 3 tubular sheaths at base, 4-8-leaved. Leaves usually congested at base of stem or sometimes widely spaced, green, not spotted, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 7-13 × 1-5 cm, apex acuminate. Rachis 3-15 cm, densely many flowered; floral bracts green, sometimes tinged with purplish red, narrowly lanceolate, basal ones exceeding ovary, apex acuminate. Flowers purplish rose, medium-sized; ovary and pedicel 12-15 mm. Sepals and petals purplish rose to pale purple; dorsal sepal erect, oblong, concave, 7-10 × 2.5-3 mm, 3-veined, apex obtuse; lateral sepals reflexed, ovate-lanceolate, oblique, 8-9 × 3-3.5 mm, 3-veined, apex subobtuse. Petals erect, forming a hood with dorsal sepal, narrowly oblong, oblique, 7-9 × 1.5-2 mm, 2-veined, apex subobtuse; lip obovate to obcordate, (7-)8-10 × (7-)8-11 mm, base spurred, margin entire to shallowly 3-lobed, apex or mid-lobe obtuse-rounded, disk densely minutely papillose, purplish rose to pale purple with a spoon-shaped patch composed of dark purple lines and dots; spur pendulous, slightly curved forward, cylindric, 12-15 mm, almost as long as ovary, apex obtuse. Fl. May-Jul.

Swampy meadows, riverbanks, damp grasslands in valleys, mountain slopes; 600-4000 m. N Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Russia (SW Siberia), Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia].