望春玉兰 wang chun yu lan

Magnolia biondii Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 17: 275. 1910; M. aulacosperma Rehder & E. H. Wilson; M. biondii var. axilliflora T. B. Chao et al.; M. biondii var. flava T. B. Chao et al.; M. biondii var. latitepala T. B. Chao & J. T. Gao ["tatitepala"]; M. biondii var. multialabastra T. B. Chao et al.; M. biondii var. ovata T. B. Chao & T. X. Zhang; M. biondii var. planities T. B. Chao & Y. Z. Qiao; M. conspicua Salisbury var. fargesii Finet & Gagnepain; M. denudata Desrousseaux var. fargesii (Finet & Gagnepain) Pampanini; M. fargesii (Finet & Gagnepain) W. C. Cheng; M. funiushanensis T. B. Chao et al.; M. funiushanensis var. purpurea T. B. Chao & J. T. Gao; Yulania biondii var. angustitepala D. L. Fu et al.

Trees, to 12 m tall, to 1 m d.b.h. Bark pale gray, smooth. Twigs grayish green, 3-4 mm in diam., glabrous; terminal buds ovoid to broadly ovoid, 1.7-3 cm, densely pale yellow opened villous. Stipular scar 1/5-1/3 as long as petiole. Petiole 1-2 cm; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, narrowly ovate, narrowly obovate, or ovate, 10-18 × 3.5-6.5 cm, abaxially light green and appressed lanate but later glabrescent, adaxially dark green, secondary veins 10-15 on each side of midvein, base broadly cuneate to obtuse and decurrent on petiole, margin dry membranous, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Peduncle ca. 1 cm, with 3 bract scars, apically swollen. Flowers appearing before leaves, 6-8 cm in diam., fragrant. Tepals 9; outer 3 tepals sepaloid, purplish red, nearly narrowly obovate-linear, ca. 1 cm; tepals of middle and inner whorls white but usually outside purplish red at base, spoon-shaped, 4-5 × 1.3-2.5 cm; tepals of inner whorls smaller and narrower. Stamens 8-10 mm; filaments purple, 3-4 mm; anthers 4-5 mm. Gynoecium 1.5-2 cm. Fruiting peduncle ca. 1 × 0.7 cm, with residual long sericeous trichomes. Fruit cylindric, 8-14 cm, usually withered because of carpels partly undeveloped; mature carpels light brown, suborbicular, compressed laterally, tuberculate. Seeds cordate, with a V-shaped furrow prominent in middle, abaxially deeply furrowed, apically concave, apex inconspicuously acute; testa bright red; endotesta dark black. Fl. Mar, fr. Sep. 2n = 76*.

● Forests; 600-2100 m. Chongqing, SE Gansu, Henan, Hubei, N Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan.

This species is grown as an ornamental and used medicinally.

"Magnolia biondii var. parvialabastra T. B. Chao," "M. biondii var. purpurea T. B. Chao et al.," and "M. honanensis B. Y. Ding & T. B. Chao" (in J. Henan Agric. College 1983(4): 7, 8, 10. 1983) belong here but were not validly published because in each case two gatherings were indicated as types (Vienna Code, Art. 37.2).