熊胆草 xiong dan cao

Basionym: Conyza blinii H. Léveillé, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 452. 1910; C. dunniana H. Léveillé; C. pinnatifida Franchet (1896) and Dunn (1903), not (Thunberg) Lessing (1832), nor Buchanan-Hamilton ex Roxburgh (1832).

Herbs, annual, 40-90(-100) cm tall; taproot simple or rarely branched, fibrous rooted. Stems erect, simple or branched, branches ascending, striate, white long hirsute, densely long-stipitate glandular, densely leafy. Leaves: surfaces long hirsute and densely long-stipitate glandular, blade pinnatipartite, rarely pinnatilobed, lobes in 3-6 pairs, linear, linear-lanceolate, or linear-oblanceolate, asymmetric, margin entire or sparsely coarsely serrate, apex acute, terminal lobe large, obovate-lanceolate, sparsely serrate; lower leaves petiolate, often withered at anthesis, sometimes marcescent; mid and upper sessile, ovate or ovate-oblong, 4-7.5(-10) × 2.5-3(-4) cm, base attenuate, not clasping. Capitula 6-10 mm in diam., in short, narrow, paniculiform synflorescences; peduncles densely hirsute, stipitate glandular. Involucre hemispheric-campanulate, ca. 6 × 10 mm; phyllaries 3- or 4-seriate, linear-lanceolate, abaxially hispid-villous, ± densely stipitate glandular, apex acuminate, outer ca. 3.5 mm, inner 6-7 mm, apex reddish purple, scarious, slightly reflexed. Florets yellow. Ray florets reduced to tube, filiform, 2-2.5 mm, almost 1/2 as long as style, sparsely puberulent above or glabrous; disk florets 40-50, 4-4.5 mm, tube ± puberulent, limb funnelform, lobes lanceolate. Achenes oblong to oblanceolate, compressed, 0.8-1 mm, strigose. Pappus 1-seriate, basally connate in a ring, sometimes deciduous, white to yellowish white or cinnamon, bristles slightly longer than disk corollas.

● Grasslands on slopes, around boulders in karst formations, open places, roadsides; 1800-2600 m. Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.