1 |
Culms 2-6 cm tall, concealed in lower part of leaves; leaves pubescent |
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(2) |
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Culms 10-40 cm tall, rarely up to 60 cm tall, exserted; leaves glabrous |
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(5) |
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2 (1) |
Leaves thin, hair-shaped; rhizome slender, creeping or obliquely ascending; culms loosely tufted; female spike loosely 1-3-flowered; female glumes lanceolate, ferruginous or pale ferruginous. |
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134 C. callitrichos |
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Leaves flat, 1-1.5 mm wide; rhizome short; culms densely tufted; female spike loosely 2-5(-7)-flowered; female glumes brown or purple-brown |
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(3) |
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3 (2) |
Female glumes ovate, ca. 4 mm, apex acute. |
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135 C. humilis |
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Female glumes oblong or obovate-lanceolate, ca. 3 mm, apex rounded, shortly awned, or aristate |
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(4) |
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4 (3) |
Culms roundly trigonous; male spike 4-6 mm; nutlets ovate, long stipitate. |
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136 C. minuticulmis |
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Culms subterete; male spike 7-7.5 mm; nutlets narrowly elliptic, shortly stipitate. |
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137 C. pseudohumilis |
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5 (1) |
Culms lateral; female spike 2-10- or more flowered |
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(6) |
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Culms centric; female spike 10- or more to many flowered, rarely 2-4-flowered |
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(8) |
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6 (5) |
Male spike lower than adjacent female spike, female spike 2-4-flowered, rachis tortuous. |
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138 C. quadriflora |
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Male spike taller than adjacent female spike, female spike 4-10- or more flowered, rachis strict |
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(7) |
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7 (6) |
Female spike 4-6-flowered; female glumes purplish brown; utricles with ± long and conic beak at apex; leaf blades 6-7 mm wide, sheaths dark brown and persistent. |
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139 C. lancifolia |
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Female spike 10- or more flowered; female glumes brown; utricles with short beak at apex; leaf blades 2-4 mm wide, sheaths purple-red or dark red and persistent. |
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140 C. erythrobasis |
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8 (5) |
Female glumes yellowish or greenish |
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(9) |
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Female glumes brownish, brown, or purple-brown |
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(11) |
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9 (8) |
Female glumes yellowish; nutlets long beaked at apex and exserted from orifice; male spike taller than or equaling adjacent female spike; leaf blades 0.5-1.5 mm wide, soft. |
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141 C. yuexiensis |
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Female glumes greenish; nutlets shortly beaked at apex, not exserted from orifice; male spike distinctly taller than adjacent female spike; leaf blades 2-4 mm wide, stiff |
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(10) |
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10 (9) |
Female spikes long pedunculate and exserted from involucral bract sheath; utricles nearly equaling glume, 2-veined laterally and thinly several veined; leaves shorter than culm, persistent sheaths dark brown. |
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142 C. tapinzensis |
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Female spikes shortly pedunculate, not or slightly exserted from involucral bract sheath; utricles shorter than glume, 2-veined laterally, not thinly veined; leaves nearly equaling culm, persistent sheaths yellow-brown or brown. |
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143 C. qingyangensis |
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11 (8) |
Rhizome long and creeping; culms loosely tufted |
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(12) |
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Rhizome short, obliquely ascending; culms densely tufted |
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(13) |
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12 (11) |
Utricles broadly obovate, with several convex veins, ± estipitate; spikes approximate, female spikes oblong, densely flowered or loosely few flowered at lower part; female glumes brown; leaf blades linear, not up to 0.5 mm wide. |
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144 C. pachyneura |
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Utricles obovate-oblong, 2-veined laterally and not thinly veined, shortly stipitate; spikes remote, female spikes linear, loosely flowered; female glumes purple-brown; leaf blades flat, 1-2.5 mm wide. |
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145 C. capilliculmis |
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13 (11) |
Leaves stiff; male spike 4-8 cm |
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(14) |
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Leaves soft; male spike not exceeding 3 cm |
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(17) |
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14 (13) |
Female spikes cylindric, 3.5-5 cm, 5-7 mm thick, peduncle slightly stiff, usually not exserted from involucral bract sheath; male glumes narrowly lanceolate, 8-10 mm, apex acuminate; female glumes narrowly oblong, 4-4.5 mm. |
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149 C. shuchengensis |
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Female spikes linear-cylindric, 2-4 cm, 3-4 mm thick, peduncle slender, long exserted from involucral bract sheath; male glumes oblong, 6-8 mm, apex rounded, acute, or truncate; female glumes oblong, 3-3.5 mm |
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(15) |
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15 (14) |
Male glumes 8-8.5 mm, apex truncate; female glumes green at middle, brown or brown-red laterally, rounded at apex. |
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148 C. macrosandra |
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Male glumes 6-7 mm, apex rounded or acute; female glumes brownish |
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(16) |
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16 (15) |
Leaves slightly shorter than culm, abaxial surface pale cinereous, densely papillose; female glumes rounded at apex; culms 40-100 cm tall. |
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146 C. sichouensis |
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Leaves longer than culm, slightly scabrous abaxially; female glumes acuminate at apex; culms 30-50 cm tall. |
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147 C. meihsienica |
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17 (13) |
Female spikes with rather short peduncle, usually not exserted or slightly exserted from involucral bract sheath, lowermost one slightly remote, but not basal |
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(18) |
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Female spike long stipitate, peduncle filiform, pendulous, long exserted from involucral bract sheath, lowermost one far from upper spike or subbasal |
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(22) |
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18 (17) |
Female spikes 2-4-flowered; utricles broadly ovoid or obovate-elliptic, 2-veined laterally and thinly several veined, apex abruptly contracted into a short or medium-sized beak |
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(19) |
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Female spikes densely many flowered; utricles obovate or obovate-oblong, 2-veined laterally, with or without thin veins, apex shortly beaked |
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(20) |
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19 (18) |
Rhizome elongate and creeping; spikes usually 2, male spike 1.2-1.3 cm, taller than adjacent female spike; utricles broadly ovoid, ca. 3.5 mm, apex abruptly contracted into a medium- sized beak. |
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161 C. scolopendriformis |
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Rhizome short; spikes usually 3 or 4, male spike ca. 0.5 cm, shorter than adjacent female spike; utricles obovate-elliptic or elliptic, 5-6 mm, apex abruptly contracted into a short beak. |
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162 C. infossa |
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20 (18) |
Leaves involute on margins, linear, shorter than culm; spikes approximate except lowermost one remote. |
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158 C. crebra |
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Leaves flat, longer than or equaling culm; spikes remote |
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(21) |
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21 (20) |
Involucral bract blades shortly leaflike, involucral bract sheaths green, narrowly membranous and white at sheath mouth; spike densely many flowered; rachis strict; leaves shorter than or equaling culm. |
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159 C. pediformis |
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Lower 1 or 2 involucral bract blades setaceous, remaining blades mucro-shaped, green abaxially, elsewhere brown, membranous and white at sheath mouth and margins; spike loosely or somewhat densely 5-10- or more flowered; rachis tortuous; leaves longer than culm after flowering. |
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160 C. lanceolata |
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22 (17) |
Female glumes only ca. 2 mm, brownish; utricles narrowly elliptic, 2-2.5 mm; male spike sometimes with 1-3 female flowers at base, female spike sometimes with a few male flowers at apex or 1-3-branched at base; persistent leaf sheaths brownish. |
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150 C. shaanxiensis |
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Female glumes longer than 3 mm, usually purple-brown or dark purple-brown, sometimes brown, dark brown, or brownish; utricles oblong or obovate-oblong, 3-5 mm; male spike without female flowers, female spike without male flowers; persistent leaf sheaths dark brown |
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(23) |
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23 (22) |
Female glumes 3-3.5 mm, without white hyaline margins; utricles 3-3.2 mm. |
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151 C. laeta |
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Female glumes 3-5 mm, with broad white hyaline margins; utricles 3-5 mm |
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(24) |
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24 (23) |
Utricles ca. 3 mm, nearly beakless at apex; style thickened, ovoid, all exserted from utricle; female glumes purple-brown, ca. 3 mm. |
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152 C. globistylosa |
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Utricles longer than 4 mm, shortly beaked at apex; style not thickened or only slightly thickened at base, not exserted from utricle; female glumes 3.8-5 mm |
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(25) |
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25 (24) |
Utricles hispidulous on veins and upper margins; female spike densely flowered but loosely flowered at lower part; female glumes truncate or emarginate at apex. |
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153 C. huolushanensis |
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Utricles densely pubescent or puberulent; female spike densely flowered; female glumes rounded or emarginate at apex |
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(26) |
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26 (25) |
Female glumes dark brown, scabrous abaxially and on veins; leaves much shorter than culm; involucral bract blades setaceous. |
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154 C. chiwuana |
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Female glumes brownish or dark purple-brown, smooth abaxially; leaves shorter than or nearly equaling culm; involucral bract blades shortly leaflike |
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(27) |
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27 (26) |
Female glumes dark purple-brown, mucronate at apex; utricles only 2-veined laterally. |
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157 C. obovatosquamata |
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Female glumes brownish, shortly awned or muticous at apex; utricles 2-veined laterally and thinly several veined |
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(28) |
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28 (27) |
Culms trigonous, scabrous; female glumes 4.3-4.7 mm. |
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155 C. cardiolepis |
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Culms subterete, smooth; female glumes 2-3 mm. |
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156 C. dayuongensis |
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