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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 23 | Araceae

4. Arisaema sect. Arisaema

天南星组 tian nan xing zu

Plants with tuber or rarely with robust rhizome. Leaf usually solitary; leaf blade 3-foliolate, or rarely quinate. Spathe tube sometimes lamellate inside; limb curved forward, usually widened into wings, sometimes galeate. Spadix appendix proximally swollen into a disk and stipitate, distally usually filiform and long exserted from spathe, or subcylindric and not exserted from spathe. Thecae united at apex, dehiscing by a single horseshoe-shaped slit.

About 17 species: mostly in Himalayan region and SW China; 16 species (seven endemic) in China.


1 Lateral veins of leaflets numerous, parallel.   26 A. costatum
+ Lateral veins not parallel   (2)
       
2 (1) Central leaflet obovate, obcordate, or obdeltate, shorter than wide   (3)
+ Central leaflet elliptic, ovate, or rhombic, longer than wide and as long as lateral lobes   (9)
       
3 (2) Spadix appendix not or slightly exserted from spathe   (4)
+ Spadix appendix distinctly exserted from spathe   (6)
       
4 (3) Spadix appendix filiform.   32 A. bonatianum
+ Spadix appendix subcylindric, apex rounded   (5)
       
5 (4) Pseudostem, petiole, and peduncle verrucose or finely asperate.   33 A. asperatum
+ Pseudostem, petiole, and peduncle smooth.   34 A. brucei
       
6 (3) Inflorescence ca. as high as leaf blade.   35 A. wilsonii
+ Inflorescence distinctly below leaf blade   (7)
       
7 (6) Spadix appendix basally densely rugose.   31 A. handelii
+ Spadix appendix smooth throughout   (8)
       
8 (7) Spathe smaller, tube 1.5-3.5 cm.   37 A. parvum
+ Spathe larger, tube 3-5 cm.   36 A. elephas
       
9 (2) Underground stems rhizomatous or spathe throat galeate-auriculate; all leaflets petiolulate   (10)
+ Underground stems tuberous; spathe throat not galeate-auriculate; leaflets basically sessile   (12)
       
10 (9) Spathe limb not winged sideways; stems thickly rhizomatous.   30 A. speciosum
+ Spathe limb winged sideways and galeate-auriculate   (11)
       
11 (10) Underground stems rhizomatous, cylindric.   23 A. dahaiense
+ Underground stems tuberous, subglobose.   22 A. lingyunense
       
12 (9) Spathe tube lamellate inside   (13)
+ Spathe tube not lamellate inside   (14)
       
13 (12) Spathe limb not winged sideways.   27 A. utile
+ Spathe limb winged sideways and vexillate.   28 A. vexillatum
       
14 (12) Spathe limb ovate-lanceolate, apex long acuminate to caudate.   25 A. intermedium
+ Spathe limb obovate, apex cucullate or 3-lobed   (15)
       
15 (14) Leaflets covered with golden scales abaxially; spathe limb cucullate.   24 A. pianmaense
+ Leaflets without trichomes; spathe limb distinctly 3-lobed.   29 A. tengtsungense


 

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