1 |
Leaf blade thick, fleshy; plants usually on saline or alkaline soils |
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(2) |
+ |
Leaf blade thin, not fleshy; plants not on saline or alkaline soils |
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(10) |
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2 (1) |
Flowering stems procumbent to ascending; receptacle usually naked. |
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92 S. famintziniana |
+ |
Flowering stems erect; receptacle with bristles |
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(3) |
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3 (2) |
Leaf blade bipinnately divided or pinnatisect, secondary segments linear |
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(4) |
+ |
Leaf blade pinnately divided, pinnately lobed, lyrate-pinnately lobed, or undivided with a sinuate-dentate margin |
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(5) |
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4 (3) |
Leaf blade glabrous or hispidulous; capitula 6-10 mm in diam.; outer phyllaries glabrous, apex acuminate. |
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93 S. lacostei |
+ |
Leaf blade strigose or arachnoid; capitula 4-5 mm in diam.; outer phyllaries pubescent, apex subobtuse. |
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94 S. turgaiensis |
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5 (3) |
Plants grayish green; achene with a short crown |
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(6) |
+ |
Plants green; achene without a crown |
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(8) |
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6 (5) |
Capitula numerous, in a densely congested corymbiform hemispheric synflorescence; stem 4-20(-30) cm tall; leaves to 3 cm wide. |
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97 S. daurica |
+ |
Capitula solitary or few on branch ends; stem 15-50 cm tall; leaves 0.4-1.5 cm wide |
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(7) |
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7 (6) |
Leaf blade ovate, rhombic, obovate, or elliptic. |
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95 S. pseudosalsa |
+ |
Leaf blade linear or narrowly elliptic. |
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96 S. aerjingensis |
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8 (5) |
Lower stem leaves pinnately cleft or pinnately divided; outer pappus bristles persistent. |
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99 S. kaschgarica |
+ |
Lower stem leaves lyrate-pinnately lobed or lyrate-pinnately divided; outer pappus bristles caducous |
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(9) |
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9 (8) |
Terminal lobe of leaf blade large, triangular, sagittate, or hastate. |
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98 S. salsa |
+ |
Terminal lobe of leaf blade smaller, narrowly ovate to elliptic. |
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100 S. maximowiczii |
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10 (1) |
Leaf sheath and base of petiole adaxially densely white lanate. |
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101 S. pulvinata |
+ |
Leaf sheath and base of petiole adaxially glabrous |
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(11) |
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11 (10) |
Achene transversely rugose; capitula large, broadly obconic, 1-2 cm in diam.; corolla more than 1.8 cm. |
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102 S. pulchra |
+ |
Achene not transversely rugose; capitula smaller, cylindric to narrowly campanulate, usually less than 1 cm in diam.; corolla usually less than 1.5 cm |
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(12) |
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12 (11) |
Phyllaries with apex acuminate and with a long conspicuous mucro |
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(13) |
+ |
Phyllaries with apex obtuse, acute, or shortly acuminate or with a short mucro |
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(15) |
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13 (12) |
Leaf blade green and glabrous on both surfaces; capitula pendent. |
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105 S. alberti |
+ |
Leaf blade abaxially grayish green, arachnoid or tomentose; capitula erect |
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(14) |
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14 (13) |
Leaf blade narrowly ovate or narrowly ovate-oblong, pinnately lobed, or undivided and margin sinuate-dentate. |
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106 S. larionowii |
+ |
Leaf blade linear, undivided, margin entire. |
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107 S. mucronulata |
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15 (12) |
Perennial herbs, densely or laxly caespitose, or subshrubs; caudex or rootstock woody, branched; stems several to many |
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(16) |
+ |
Perennial herbs, not caespitose, without a woody caudex or rootstock, rhizomatous; stem solitary |
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(28) |
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16 (15) |
Leaf blade pinnately lobed, pinnatisect, or bipinnatisect |
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(17) |
+ |
Leaf blade undivided, margin entire, sinuate-dentate, dentate, or denticulate |
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(22) |
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17 (16) |
Leaf blade clearly bipinnatisect; segments 11-13 pairs. |
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119 S. deserticola |
+ |
Leaf blade pinnatisect or pinnately lobed; segments 2-5 pairs |
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(18) |
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18 (17) |
Leaf blade segments subulate, linear, or narrowly triangular |
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(19) |
+ |
Leaf blade segments ovate, elliptic, or triangular-ovate |
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(20) |
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19 (18) |
Leaf blade of lower stem leaves sparsely gland-dotted on both surfaces otherwise glabrous; leaf blade segments 2 or 3 pairs, subulate; phyllaries in 7 or 8 rows. |
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117 S. yabulaiensis |
+ |
Leaf blade of lower stem leaves sparsely arachnoid and glandular on both surfaces; leaf blade segments 3-5 pairs, linear or narrowly triangular; phyllaries in 5 or 6 rows. |
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118 S. mae |
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20 (18) |
Involucre cylindric, 4-5 mm in diam. |
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110 S. kanzanensis |
+ |
Involucre campanulate, 7-10 mm in diam |
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(21) |
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21 (20) |
Leaf blade elliptic, pinnately lobed to pinnatisect. |
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109 S. blanda |
+ |
Leaf blade obovate, pinnately dentate to lyrate-pinnately lobed. |
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115 S. salemannii |
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22 (16) |
Capitula solitary or 2, at end of stem or branches. |
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116 S. popovii |
+ |
Capitula few, in a corymbiform synflorescence |
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(23) |
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23 (22) |
Leaf blade grayish white and tomentose on both surfaces |
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(24) |
+ |
Leaf blade abaxially green and subglabrous or grayish white tomentose, adaxially green and subglabrous |
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(25) |
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24 (23) |
Leaf margin entire. |
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112 S. cana |
+ |
Leaf margin sinuate-dentate. |
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114 S. canescens |
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25 (23) |
Leaf blade linear or narrowly linear, 5 mm wide or less |
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(26) |
+ |
Leaf blade narrowly elliptic, narrowly ovate, or oblong, more than 10 mm wide |
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(27) |
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26 (25) |
Leaf blade narrowly linear, 1-4 mm wide, margin dentate. |
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113 S. petrovii |
+ |
Leaf blade linear, 2-5 mm wide, margin entire. |
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120 S. salicifolia |
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27 (25) |
Phyllaries not with a dark margin, apex acuminate and shortly mucronate; leaf blade abaxially pale or grayish green and glabrous or pubescent. |
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108 S. coronata |
+ |
Phyllaries with a narrow dark margin, apex obtuse to rounded; leaf blade abaxially grayish white and densely arachnoid tomentose. |
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121 S. lomatolepis |
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28 (15) |
Leaf blade green, concolorous or abaxially paler green, abaxially sparsely strigose or glabrous |
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(29) |
+ |
Leaf blade abaxially grayish white or grayish green and densely tomentose, arachnoid, or pubescent, adaxially green |
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(37) |
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29 (28) |
Leaf blade pinnately dentate to pinnatisect |
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(30) |
+ |
Leaf blade undivided |
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(32) |
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30 (29) |
Leaf blade pinnately lobed or pinnately dentate. |
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135 S. tianshuiensis |
+ |
Leaf blade pinnatisect |
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(31) |
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31 (30) |
Involucre tubular, 5-8 mm in diam. |
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133 S. acroura |
+ |
Involucre campanulate to globose, 10-15 mm in diam |
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134 S. megaphylla |
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32 (29) |
Plants shortly stemmed, at most ca. 0.2 m tall. |
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103 S. ovata |
+ |
Plants with tall stems, 0.3-2 m tall |
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(33) |
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33 (32) |
Plants 1-2 m tall; stem ca. 1 cm in diam. at base. |
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111 S. elata |
+ |
Plants to 1.4 m tall; stem less than 1 cm in diam. at base |
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(34) |
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34 (33) |
Middle stem leaves triangular-ovate with a truncate base; phyllaries arachnoid lanate, apex reflexed and herbaceous. |
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127 S. sutchuenensis |
+ |
Middle stem leaves elliptic or narrowly elliptic; phyllaries glabrous, sparsely arachnoid, or only apically bearded and surface scarious, apex erect and not herbaceous |
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(35) |
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35 (34) |
Leaves sessile; leaf blade narrowly ovate-elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 1-2 cm wide. |
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124 S. zhuxiensis |
+ |
Leaves petiolate; leaf blade elliptic, 3-7 cm wide |
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(36) |
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36 (35) |
Capitula in a diffuse corymbiform- paniculiform synflorescence, long pedunculate. |
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128 S. dolichopoda |
+ |
Capitula clustered at end of branches, in congested corymbiform synflorescence, shortly pedunculate. |
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129 S. saligna |
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37 (28) |
Leaf blade pinnately lobed, pinnatisect, or lyrate |
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(38) |
+ |
Leaf blade undivided and margin entire or dentate |
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(43) |
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38 (37) |
Leaf blade lyrate-pinnatisect; plants less than 15 cm tall. |
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140 S. bartholomewii |
+ |
Leaf blade not lyrate-pinnatisect; plants more than 15 cm tall |
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(39) |
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39 (38) |
Stem and petioles winged. |
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136 S. pteridophylla |
+ |
Stem and petioles unwinged |
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(40) |
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40 (39) |
Stem usually with short sterile axillary shoots. |
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132 S. elegans |
+ |
Stem without short sterile axillary shoots |
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(41) |
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41 (40) |
Leaf blade bipinnately divided. |
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139 S. chrysanthemoides |
+ |
Leaf blade pinnately lobed to pinnatisect |
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(42) |
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42 (41) |
Middle stem leaves with 2 or 3 pairs of lobes, abaxially white and densely tomentose; involucre obconic, 6-8 mm in diam. |
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137 S. compta |
+ |
Middle stem leaves with 4-14 pairs of lobes, abaxially grayish green and thinly arachnoid; involucre tubular, ca. 5 mm in diam. |
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138 S. variiloba |
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43 (37) |
Leaf blade ovate, ovate-elliptic, elliptic, or oblong, more than 3 cm wide |
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(44) |
+ |
Leaf blade narrowly oblong, narrowly ovate-elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or linear, less than 3 cm wide |
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(46) |
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44 (43) |
Leaves shortly petiolate (to 1 cm); leaf blade broadly ovate, margin sharply serrate; synflorescence supported by uppermost stem leaves. |
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104 S. licentiana |
+ |
Leaves long petiolate (2.5-5 cm); leaf blade ovate, elliptic, or narrowly ovate-elliptic, margin denticulate or sinuate-dentate; synflorescence not supported by uppermost stem leaves |
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(45) |
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45 (44) |
Petiole unwinged; involucre narrowly cylindric, (3-)5-8 mm in diam.; phyllaries straw-colored, subglabrous, without a dark mucro. |
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130 S. conyzoides |
+ |
Petiole winged; involucre narrowly campanulate, 8-10 mm in diam.; phyllaries whitish, arachnoid, with a dark mucro. |
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131 S. flexuosa |
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46 (43) |
Leaf blade linear, less than 1 cm wide. |
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126 S. integrifolia |
+ |
Leaf blade narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, 1.5-3 cm wide |
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(47) |
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47 (46) |
Stem winged; leaf base decurrent, margin usually entire. |
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125 S. virgata |
+ |
Stem unwinged; leaf base not decurrent, margin sinuate-dentate |
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(48) |
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48 (47) |
Plants 60-100 cm tall; middle stem leaves petiolate; capitula very numerous, in an ample paniculiform-corymbiform synflorescence. |
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122 S. polycephala |
+ |
Plants 30-75 cm tall; middle stem leaves sessile; capitula 10-20, in a compact corymbiform synflorescence. |
|
123 S. chinensis |