Lycopodioides Boehmer, nom. rej.; Selaginoides Séguier; Stachygynandrum P. Beauvois ex Mirbel, nom. rej.

Morphological characters and geographic distribution are the same as those of the family.

Five subgenera are recognized. In a molecular phylogeny (Korall et al., Int. J. Pl. Sci. 160: 585-594. 1999), the isophyllous Selaginella subg. Selaginella (absent from China) and S. subg. Tetragonostachys Jermy are monophyletic, but the anisophyllous S. subg. Stachygynandrum Warburg and S. subg. Heterostachys Warburg are not monophyletic.

Six uncertain taxa, not included in the following key, are listed at the end of the account.

Uncertain taxa

Selaginella effusa Alston var. dulongjiangensis W. M. Chu (Fl. Yunnan. 20: 718. 2006), described from Gongshan, Yunnan.

Selaginella jugorum Handel-Mazzetti (Symb. Sin. 6: 8. 1929; Lycopodioides jugorum (Handel-Mazzetti) H. S. Kung), described from NW Yunnan.

Selaginella monospora Spring var. ciliolata W. M. Chu (Fl. Yunnan. 20: 719. 2006), described from Jingdong, Yunnan.

Selaginella somae Hayata (Icon. Pl. Formosan. 7: 101. 1918 [“somai”]), described from Taiwan.

Selaginella spinulosovena G. Q. Gou & P. S. Wang (Acta Bot. Yunnan. 27: 145. 2005), described from Ziyun, Guizhou.

Selaginella tibetica Ching & S. K. Wu (Fl. Xizang. 1: 25. 1983), described from Bomi, Xizang. = Selaginella hengduanshanicola W. M. Chu (Fl. Yunnan. 20: 718. 2006), described from Gongshan, Yunnan.