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Eremopyrum orientale (Linn.) Jaub. & Spach, Ill. Pl. Or. 4:26, t. 319. 1851. Sultan & Stewart, Grasses W. Pak. 2:333. 1959; Bor, Grasses Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pak. 672. 1960; Bor in Towns., Guest & Al-Rawi, Fl. Iraq 9: 234. 1968; Bor in Rech.f., Fl. Iran. 70:186. 1970; Tzvelev, Poaceae URSS 151. 1976; Melderis in Tutin et al., Fl. Eur. 5:200. 1980.
Agropyron orientalis (Linn.) Roem. & Schult.Secale orientale Linn.
Tufted annual; culms up to 25 cm high, erect or geniculately ascending. Leaf-blades flat, 3-6 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, scaberulous, sometimes also puberulous above. Spike ovate-elliptic, up to 2.5 cm long, conspicuously hairy. Spikelets 2-3-flowered; glumes lanceolate, 10-15 mm long (including the 2-5 mm long awn), strongly curved, hispid on the sides; lemma as long as the glumes, hispid, with an awn 4-5 mm long; palea-keels produced into 2 short blunt teeth with a shallow sinus between them.
Type locality: Turkey or Greece.
Distribution: Pakistan (Baluchistan); Southeast Europe eastwards to Central Asia and western Siberia.
The distinction between this species and Eremopyrum confusum Meld. must be reexamined. The characters used by Bor (l.c.) in his keys-particularly the shape of the inflorescence-do not make for a convincing separation. When Melderis published his new species he pointed out how it differs from Eremopyrum distans instead of drawing a more useful comparison with Eremopyrum orientale. The latter differs from Eremopyrum distans in a similar way to Eremopyrum confusum the palea-keels are not awned. Of all the material seen from Pakistan none can be ascribed to Eremopyrum confusum with any certainty and only one collection corresponds to Eremopyrum orientale.
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