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Azadirachta indica Adr. Juss. in Mem. Mus. Par. 19.221. 1830. T. Cooke, I.c., Talbot, l.c., Brandis, Ind. Trees. 139. 1911 ; Bamber, Fl. Punj. 42.1916; Parker, For. Fl. Punj. ed. 3,69.1956.
Vern.: “Neem” or “Nim”.
Melia azadirachta Linn.
Tree, up to 15 m tall. Branches glabrous. Leaves imparipinnate, pulvi¬nus at the base; leaflets alternate to opposite, 2.5-7 cm long, 1.5-4 cm broad, ovate, subsessile, acuminate. Flowers white, sweet-scented. Sepals obovate, 1.5 mm long, puberulous, imbricate. Petals 6 mm long, obvoate to oblong, white, margin ciliate. Staminal tube c. 5 mm long, puberulous, 10-striate, 10-toothed; teeth 2-lobed; anthers oblong, basifixed. Ovary sub-globose; style linear, c. 2.5 mm long; stigma trifid. Drupe oblong, 1.3-2 cm long, greenish-yellow, 1-seeded.
Fl. Per. April-May.
Distribution : A native of India and China, cultivated and naturalized through-out India, Malaysia and Pakistan.
The tree is cultivated in the warmer parts of the country. It yields good timber. All parts of the plant are medicinal. The bitter bark is used in mak¬ing gum, the leaves are used as a poultice for boils; dried leaves serve in place of mothballs. The fruit is edible and oil extracted from the seeds can be used as a purgative and anthelmintic.
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