223. Clibadium F. Allamand ex Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 2: 161. 1771.
苏利南野菊属 su li nan ye ju shu
Baillieria Aublet; Trixis Swartz (1788), not P. Browne (1756); Oswalda Cassini; Orsinia Bertoloni ex Candolle; Trichapium Gilli.
Shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite, sessile or petiolate; blade lanceolate to broadly cordate, 3-veined, leathery. Synflorescence of terminal lax or congested panicles or corymbs, sometimes of glomerule-like cymes. Capitula disciform; involucres cylindric, campanulate, or hemispheric; phyllaries 2-6-seriate, subequal, imbricate, membranous, scarious, inner enclosing marginal achenes, greenish to purple, sometimes white; receptacles flat to shallowly convex, usually paleaceous; paleae subtending female florets resembling inner phyllaries, ovate or orbicular, 3-9-veined, paleae subtending disk florets membranous, lanceolate, 1-3-veined, margin remotely ciliate. Marginal florets female, 1(or 2)-seriate; corollas inconspicuous, white, greenish white, or yellowish white, 2-5-lobed. Disk florets functionally male; corollas white or greenish white, 4- or 5-lobed; anther black, anther appendage with glandular trichomes; style branches acuminate. Achenes obcompressed, obovoid to obpyriform, sometimes drupelike, glabrous to variously setuliferous, especially at apices; pappus absent. x = 16.
About 24 species: Neotropics; one species (introduced) in China.
For more on the genus, see Schulz (Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46(5): 613-628. 1912) and Arriagada (Brittonia 55: 245-301. 2003).
