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241. Eupatorium Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 836. 1753.
泽兰属 ze lan shu
Eupatoriadelphus R. M. King & H. Robinson.
Herbs, annual to perennial. Leaves opposite or verticillate, upper leaves subopposite to alternate; blade linear to ovate, deltate, or 3-lobed, serrate to subentire. Synflorescence a corymbose or pyramidal panicle. Phyllaries 10-22, weakly to strongly subimbricate, 2-5-seriate, sometimes inner phyllaries deciduous; receptacle flat or weakly convex. Florets 3-23; corollas white to purple, lavender, or pink, narrowly funnelform or with constricted basal tube and narrowly to broadly campanulate limb, outer surface with glands often concentrated at base of throat and on outer surfaces of lobes, rarely with a few hairs; lobes 5, usually slightly longer than wide; antheropodium cylindric; anther appendages large, ovate-triangular, ca. 1.5 × as long as wide; style base puberulent or rarely glabrous, with or without node; style branches filiform to slightly broadened or flattened distally, papillose. Achenes prismatic, 5-ribbed; carpopodium not or slightly differentiated; pappus setae 25-40, barbellate, persistent, apical cells with rounded to shortly acute tips. x = 10, 20.
Forty-five species: Asia, Europe, North America; 14 species (six endemic) in China.
The results of the studies by G. J. Schmidt & E. E. Schilling (Amer. J. Bot. 87: 716-726. 2000) and those of M. Ito et al. (J. Plant Res. 113: 79-89. 2000) are in conflict as to the re-recognition of Eupatoriadelphus. Schmidt and Schilling favor a distinct Eupatoriadelphus (= the "Eutrochium group") whereas Ito et al. imply that Eupatorium s.s. can be divided into three "morphological species groups," one of which is the "Eutrochium group." As there is still much confusion among the Chinese species of Eupatorium with both sexual and agamospermous species, the species here are simply arranged alphabetically. The presence of the hybrid E. ×tripartitum (Makino) Murata & H. Koyama (E. chinense × E. lindleyanum), a plant with tripartite leaves, has been recorded. See Lamont, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 72: 1-68. 1995.
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| 1 |
Leaves glabrous and eglandular on both surfaces, or abaxially sparsely puberulent |
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(2) |
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Leaves sparsely or densely puberulent or villous, or tomentose on both surfaces, glandular on both surfaces or at least abaxially; achenes setuliferous or glabrous but usually glandular |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves undivided, ovate, triangular-ovate, or oblong-ovate, basally 3-veined; shrubs. |
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14 E. tashiroi |
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Leaves usually 3-lobed; lobes narrowly elliptic-lanceolate or oblanceolate, pinnately veined; perennial herbs; few branched. |
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5 E. fortunei |
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| 3 (1) |
Leaves basally 3- or 5-veined |
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(4) |
| + |
Leaves pinnately veined |
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(9) |
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| 4 (3) |
Phyllaries acute at apex |
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(5) |
| + |
Phyllaries obtuse or rounded at apex |
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(6) |
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| 5 (4) |
Leaves petiolate. |
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2 E. cannabinum |
| + |
Leaves sessile. |
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9 E. lindleyanum |
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| 6 (4) |
Leaves usually tripartite, with large terminal lobe; achenes sparsely setuliferous above or at apex only. |
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11 E. nanchuanense |
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Leaves simple; achenes sparsely long setuliferous |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Capitula 9-15-flowered; shrubs. |
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1 E. amabile |
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Capitula 5-flowered; herbs |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Leaves sessile, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, apex acute. |
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13 E. shimadae |
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Leaves shortly petiolate, ovate-oblong, apex long acuminate. |
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10 E. luchuense |
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| 9 (3) |
Phyllaries acute at apex. |
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9 E. lindleyanum |
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Phyllaries obtuse or rounded at apex |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Leaves simple |
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(11) |
| + |
Leaves divided |
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(13) |
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| 11 (10) |
Achenes glabrous and eglandular. |
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12 E. omeiense |
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Achenes glandular |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaf base cuneate, apex long acuminate, both surfaces sparsely crisped-pubescent, abaxial surface gland-dotted; synflorescence of lax corymbs. |
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3 E. chinense |
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Leaf base shallowly cordate or rounded, apex obtuse or shortly acuminate, both surfaces ± glabrous, abaxial surface gland-dotted; synflorescence of dense corymbs. |
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7 E. hualienense |
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| 13 (10) |
Achenes glabrous and eglandular. |
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4 E. formosanum |
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Achenes glandular |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Leaves simple, ovate, broadly ovate, or narrowly ovate, base rounded, sessile or very shortly petiolate. |
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3 E. chinense |
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Leaves divided; lobes narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, or leaves simple, base truncate, petiolate, petiole 1-2 cm |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Leaves white tomentose on both surfaces, abaxially and on veins densely tomentose, margin serrate-incised. |
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6 E. heterophyllum |
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Leaves scabrid, sparsely puberulent, margin finely serrate. |
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8 E. japonicum |
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List of lower taxa
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