白头婆 bai tou po

Eupatorium chinense Linnaeus var. simplicifolium (Makino) Kitamura; E. chinense var. tozanense (Hayata) Kitamura; E. fortunei Turczaninow f. aureoreticulatum (Makino) Nakai; E. fortunei var. simplicifolium (Makino) Nakai; E. fortunei var. tripartitum (Makino) Nakai; E. japonicum f. aureoreticulatum Makino; E. japonicum var. dissectum Makino; E. japonicum var. simplicifolium Makino; E. japonicum var. tozanense (Hayata) Kitamura; E. japonicum var. tripartitum Makino; E. japonicum var. wallichii (Candolle) Yamamoto; E. tozanense Hayata; E. wallichii Candolle.

Herbs perennial, 50-200 cm tall. Rhizomes short, with numerous fibrous roots. Stems erect, purplish red, usually simple or corymbose synflorescence branched in upper part, white crisped-puberulent, more dense on synflorescence branches, glabrescent or sparsely hairy in lower part. Leaves opposite; petiole 0.5-2 cm, rather thick; median stem leaves elliptic, narrowly elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or lanceolate, 6-20 × 2-6.5 cm, pinnately veined, lateral veins 7-paired, abaxially prominent, base broadly or narrowly cuneate, margin sometimes 3-partite, apex acuminate; basal stem leaves withered by anthesis; upper leaves smaller, homomorphic with median leaves; both surfaces scabrid, crisped-villous or puberulent and yellow glandular, more densely hairy abaxially on veins and on petiole; margin coarsely or doubly serrate. Capitula apically densely corymbose, synflorescence usually 3-6 cm in diam., rarely forming a large compound corymbose synflorescence to 20 cm in diam. Involucre campanulate, 5-6 mm, 5-flowered; phyllaries imbricate, 3-seriate; outer phyllaries very short, lanceolate, 1-2 mm, median and inner phyllaries gradually longer, lanceolate, narrowly elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate, 5-6 mm, green or purple-tinged, apex obtuse or rounded. Florets white, red-purple, or pink; corolla ca. 5 mm, with dense yellow glands. Achenes black-brown, elliptic, ca. 3.5 mm, 5-angled, with many yellow glands, glabrous. Pappus white, ca. 5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Nov.

Grasslands on slopes, open forests, thickets, wet places, riverbanks; 100-3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].