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11. Scutellaria Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 598. 1753.
黄芩属 huang qin shu
Herbs or subshrubs, rarely shrubs, not aromatic. Leaves entire to pinnatifid. Inflorescences terminal or axillary racemes or spikes; floral leaves usually bractlike apically. Flowers axillary, opposite or sometimes alternate apically. Calyx short tubular, dorsiventrally flattened, 2-lipped; lips entire, closed and ultimately divided to base along sutures in fruit; upper lip deciduous, with a transverse, rounded, concave, scalelike scutellum (shield) or without and abaxially conspicuously saccate; lower lip persistent. Corolla 2-lipped; tube exserted, arcuate or suberect, gradually widening to throat, base bent and saccate or spurred, usually puberulent annulate outside; upper lip erect, galeate; lower lip 3-lobed, middle lobe broad, flattened, entire, lateral lobes ± joined to upper lip and sometimes spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous, anterior 2 longest, underlying upper lip; anthers close together in pairs, bearded on cell aperture; posterior pair conspicuously 2-celled, ± apically acute, anterior pair 1-celled by abortion. Style subulate, apically unequally 2-cleft. Nutlets oblate, globose, to ovoid.
About 350 species: worldwide, but only a few in tropical Africa; 98 species in China.
A very isolated genus with unsatisfactory traditional divisions. Paton (Kew Bull. 45: 399-450. 1990) has proposed a revised classification of Scutellaria but did not deal with a large
number of the Chinese taxa, and it is not possible to utilize his divisions in detail.
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Key 6
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| 1 |
Rhizomes moniliform, with enlarged tuberlike internodes; flowers ca. 3.2 cm |
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88 Scutellaria moniliorrhiza |
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Rhizomes not moniliform; flowers less than 2.5 cm. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves ± hastate. |
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(3) |
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Leaves not hastate. |
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(5) |
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| 3 (2) |
Flowers to 1.3 cm; floral leaves bractlike, unlike stem leaves |
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84 Scutellaria barbata |
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Flowers less than 1 cm; floral and stem leaves similar but reduced. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Leaves cordate, pilose; calyx pilose, scutellum ca. 0.3 mm; corolla 9-10 mm |
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83 Scutellaria shansiensis |
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Leaves ovate-triangular to triangular, adaxial surface and abaxial veins puberulent, margin ciliolate; calyx veins and margin ciliolate, scutellum ca. 1 mm; corolla 5-6.5 mm |
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82 Scutellaria dependens |
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| 5 (2) |
Leaves less than 7 mm wide. |
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(6) |
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Leaves more than 7 mm wide. |
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(7) |
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| 6 (5) |
Flowers to 2.5 cm; leaves densely hairy, adaxially glabrous, or with scattered fine strigose hairs, abaxially glandular except the finely pubescent veins and margin |
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80 Scutellaria regeliana |
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Flowers 2-2.2 cm; leaves subglabrous or abaxially sparsely and finely pubescent along veins, minutely yellow glandular |
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81 Scutellaria linarioides |
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| 7 (5) |
Flowers less than 2 cm; leaf blade abaxially without glands |
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79 Scutellaria galericulata |
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Flowers more than 2 cm; leaf blade abaxially glandular. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Leaves glabrous, sparsely puberulent, appressed pubescent, or villous |
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85 Scutellaria scordifolia |
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Leaves densely hirsute or strigose. |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Stems with spreading branches from base; leaves usually elliptic, rarely ovate to oblong, apex obtuse to rounded, shallowly dentate to subentire, sometimes serrate, densely hairy; plants of beaches |
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86 Scutellaria strigillosa |
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Stems unbranched or few branched; leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, apex acute to subobtuse, acute-serrate, densely hairy; plants of inland areas |
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87 Scutellaria tuminensis |
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List of Keys
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List of lower taxa
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Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org
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