单穗升麻 dan sui sheng ma

Actaea cimicifuga Linnaeus var.simplex de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 64. 1824; A. simplex (de Candolle) Wormskjöld ex Fischer & C. A. Meyer; Cimicifuga foetida Linnaeus var. intermedia Regel; C. foetida var. racemosa Regel; C. foetida var.simplex (de Candolle) Regel; C. ussuriensis Oettingen; Thalictrodes simplex (de Candolle) Kuntze.

Rhizome robust, blackish. Stem simple, 40--150 cm tall, glabrous, sometimes white pubescent apically. Proximal cauline leaves 2 or 3 × ternately pinnate, long petiolate; petiole to 30 cm; leaf blade ovate-triangular, to 30 cm; terminal leaflet broadly lanceolate to rhombic, 3--8.5 × 1.5--5.5 cm, usually 3-lobed, margin serrate; lateral leaflets usually sessile, narrowly obliquely ovate, smaller than terminal one, abaxially sparsely white villous at veins, adaxially glabrous. Distal cauline leaves smaller, 1 or 2 × ternately pinnate. Inflorescence racemose, to 35 cm, unbranched or sometimes several branched at base; rachis and pedicels densely white or gray pubescent; bracts subulate, shorter than pedicels. Pedicel (3--)5--10(--15) mm. Sepals broadly elliptic, ca. 4 mm. Petals elliptic to broadly elliptic, membranous at apex, 2-lobed. Filaments narrowly linear, 5--8 mm, glabrous; anthers ellipsoid, ca. 1 mm. Carpels 2--8, densely gray or white pubescent, stalked. Follicles 7--9(--13) × 4--5 mm, appressed pubescent or glabrous, stalk elongate after anthesis. Seeds 4--8, ellipsoid, ca. 3.5 mm, with scaly wings all around. Fl. Aug--Sep, fr. Sep--Oct. 2n = 16*.

Forest margins, scrub, grassy slopes, open lands; 300--3200 m. Gansu, Guangdong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, E Mongolia, Russia (Far East, E Siberia)].