无芒雀麦 wu mang que mai

Bromopsis inermis (Leysser) Holub; Bromus pskemensis Pavlov; Zerna inermis (Leysser) Lindman.

Perennial, with spreading rhizomes. Culms loosely tufted, erect, 50–120 cm tall, glabrous or retrorsely hairy below nodes. Leaf sheaths glabrous or shortly hairy; leaf blades flat, 20–30 cm × 4–8 mm, both surfaces and margins scabrid, glabrous or margins sparsely ciliate, apex acuminate, ligule 1–2 mm. Panicle dense at first, spreading after anthesis, 10–20 cm; branches 3–5 per node, up to 10 cm, scabrid, each bearing 2–6 spikelets. Spikelets 15–25 mm, florets 6–12; rachilla internodes 2–3 mm, spinulose; glumes lanceolate, margins membranous, lower glume 4–7 mm, 1-veined, upper glume 6–10 mm, 3-veined; lemmas oblong-lanceolate,8–12 mm, 5–7-veined, glabrous, base scabrid, apex obtuse or emarginate; awn up to 3–4 mm, or awnless; palea shorter than lemma, keels ciliate. Anthers 3–4 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 14, 28, 56.

Gullies on slopes, roadsides, river banks, dominant species of mountain meadows; 1000–3500 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [Japan, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia (Caucasus), Europe].

This species has been spread worldwide through seed production for pasture and fodder.