1	Leaves simple.		(2)
+	Leaves compound (only R. impressinervus with simple leaves).		(11)
2 (1)	Carpels ca. 100 or slightly more; aggregate fruit terete or cylindrical; leaves peltate.		79 R. peltatus
+	Carpels ca. 10–60, rarely slightly more; aggregate fruit subglobose or ovoid-globose; leaves not peltate.		(3)
3 (2)	Leaves palmately 3–5(–7)-divided, palmately 5-veined from base, pubescent along veins on both surfaces.		(4)
+	Leaves undivided or 3-lobed, palmately 3-veined from base, glabrous or hairy.		(5)
4 (3)	Leaves ovate to narrowly ovate, 3–5-lobed; flowers 1–1.5 cm, several in clusters or in short terminal racemes; aggregate fruit ca. 1 cm in diam., glabrous.		87 R. crataegifolius
+	Leaves suborbicular, palmately (3–)5(–7)-parted; flowers 2.5–4 cm in diam., solitary; aggregate fruit 1.5–2 cm in diam., densely hairy.		88 R. chingii
5 (3)	Plants glabrous, without glandular hairs.		(6)
+	Plants soft hairy, rarely pubescent only along veins.		(8)
6 (5)	Flowers 3 or more, in short racemes; pistils ca. 10–50, glabrous.		84 R. trianthus
+	Flowers solitary; pistils 50–100, glabrous or tomentose.		(7)
7 (6)	Leaf margin coarsely sharply serrate or doubly serrate; flowers red; pistils glabrous.		85 R. grayanus
+	Leaf margin simply serrate; flowers white; pistils densely gray tomentose.		86 R. yanyunii
8 (5)	Plants with glandular hairs; flowers ca. 1.5 cm in diam.; aggregate fruit glabrous.		80 R. glabricarpus
+	Plants without glandular hairs; flowers 2–3 cm in diam.; aggregate fruit pubescent.		(9)
9 (8)	Leaves broadly ovate or triangular-ovate, usually 3-parted to near middle; abaxial surface of calyx with sparse, straight needle-like prickles; flowers solitary or in clusters of 2 or 3.		83 R. taitoensis
+	Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, undivided, rarely those of sterile branchlets 3-lobed; abaxial surface of calyx unarmed; flowers solitary or several in a cluster.		(10)
10 (9)	Plants pubescent throughout; sepals ovate or triangular-ovate, 5–8 mm, acute to shortly acuminate; petals white, longer than sepals.		81 R. corchorifolius
+	Plants glabrous or slightly pubescent only on leaf veins; sepals triangular-lanceolate, 10–15 mm, acuminate to caudate; petals red, shorter than sepals.		82 R. kwangsiensis
11 (1)	Leaves palmately compound; terminal leaflet sessile or nearly so.		(12)
+	Leaves imparipinnate, terminal leaflet prominently petiolulate.		(13)
12 (11)	Leaves palmately 3-foliolate; leaflets pilose on both surfaces; branchlets, petioles, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx with glandular hairs; abaxial surface of calyx with needle-like prickles; aggregate fruit glabrous.		77 R. pentagonus
+	Leaves palmately 5-foliolate; leaflets pilose only along veins on both surfaces; branchlets, petioles, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx without glandular hairs; abaxial surface of calyx unarmed; aggregate fruit villous.		78 R. quinquefoliolatus
13 (11)	Stipules and bracts ovate-lanceolate, ovate, or suborbicular.		(14)
+	Stipules and bracts linear, linear-lanceolate, or lanceolate, occasionally subulate.		(15)
14 (13)	Stipules and bracts ovate-lanceolate to ovate; leaves 3(–5)-foliolate, terminal leaflet broadly ovate, 2- or 3-lobed, lateral leaflets coarsely doubly serrate; pedicel with minute prickles.		75 R. lasiostylus
+	Stipules and bracts broadly ovate or suborbicular; leaves 5(–7)-foliolate, terminal leaflet elliptic, undivided, lateral leaflets coarsely serrate; pedicel unarmed.		76 R. wushanensis
15 (13)	Leaves 3-foliolate, rarely 5-foliolate, sometimes simple, leathery; carpels 70–100, rarely more.		(16)
+	Leaves (3–)5–11(–15)-foliolate, not leathery; carpels 10–70 or ca. 100 or more.		(21)
16 (15)	Leaves simple; herbs; flowers solitary.		74 R. impressinervus
+	Leaves 3-foliolate, rarely 5-foliolate; shrubs or subshrubs; flowers several, in terminal corymbs, in clusters of 2 or 3, or solitary.		(17)
17 (16)	Abaxial surface of calyx with hooklike prickles; petiolule of terminal leaflet 0.5–0.8 cm; leaflets lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, coarsely serrate; flowers solitary or in clusters of 2 or 3.		69 R. delavayi
+	Abaxial surface of calyx unarmed; petiolule of terminal leaflet 1–2 cm; leaflets ovate to elliptic-lanceolate; flowers 1–8.		(18)
18 (17)	Terminal leaflet nearly as long as or slightly longer than lateral leaflets; pistils 70–80, rarely to 100 or more; torus nearly sessile.		(19)
+	Terminal leaflet much longer than lateral leaflets; pistils more than 100; torus shortly stipitate.		(20)
19 (18)	Leaflets ovate to ovate-elliptic, base rounded, coarsely sharply serrate; sepals ovate, apically acute; flowers 3–8 in terminal corymbs.		70 R. leucanthus
+	Leaflets narrowly elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, base cuneate, densely sharply serrulate to incised-doubly serrate; sepals ovate-lanceolate, long caudate; flowers 1–3(–5).		71 R. zhaogoshanensis
20 (18)	Leaflets elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, terminal one ca. 2 × as long as lateral leaflets, margin densely unevenly coarsely serrate; flowers 3–4 cm in diam., in terminal corymbs 3–7-flowered, rarely flowers solitary; ovary glabrous.		72 R. columellaris
+	Leaflets narrowly lanceolate, terminal leaflet ca. 4 × as long as lateral leaflets, margin remotely and shallowly serrulate; flowers 1.5–2 cm, solitary or in clusters of 2 or 3; apex of ovary pubescent.		73 R. paucidentatus
21 (15)	Carpels ca. 100 or more, usually inserted on stipitate torus; terminal inflorescences corymbs, rarely short racemes, or flowers several in clusters or solitary.		(22)
+	Carpels 10–70 or slightly more, inserted on sessile torus.		(32)
22 (21)	Plants without glandular hairs, but with glands, sometimes with sparse, short glandular hairs only on flowering branchlets or pedicel; flowers solitary or several in cluster, occasionally in short racemes.		(23)
+	Plants with glandular hairs; terminal corymbs several flowered or sometimes flowers solitary.		(27)
23 (22)	Plants eglandular.		(24)
+	Plants glandular.		(25)
24 (23)	Leaflets ovate or elliptic, rarely ovate-lanceolate, sharply incised-doubly serrate; pedicel 2.5–5 cm; aggregate fruit subglobose, 0.9–1.1 cm in diam.		67 R. eustephanos
+	Leaflets ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, irregularly and doubly serrate; pedicel 1.5–2.5 cm; aggregate fruit globose to ellipsoid, to 1.5 cm in diam.		68 R. fraxinifoliolus
25 (23)	Plants glabrous; ovary with few hairs apically.		66 R. lanyuensis
+	Plants pubescent; ovary glabrous or pubescent.		(26)
26 (25)	Shrubs, erect or scandent; flowers 2–3 cm in diam.; ovary glabrous; aggregate fruit ovoid-globose or narrowly obovoid to oblong, 8–12 mm in diam.		64 R. rosifolius
+	Subshrubs; flowers less than 2 cm in diam.; ovary pubescent; aggregate fruit globose, 5–7 mm in diam.		65 R. pararosifolius
27 (22)	Plants pubescent, with longer glandular hairs; aggregate fruit oblong or subglobose.		(28)
+	Plants glabrous, rarely partly pilose, with shorter glandular hairs; aggregate fruit subglobose.		(30)
28 (27)	Aggregate fruit oblong; flowers 1–2 cm in diam.		58 R. sumatranus
+	Aggregate fruit subglobose; flowers 2–4 cm in diam.		(29)
29 (28)	Flowers 2–3 cm in diam.; pedicel 2–3 cm.		59 R. croceacanthus
+	Flowers 3–4 cm in diam.; pedicel (2–)3–6 cm.		60 R. hirsutus
30 (27)	Flowers 2–3 cm in diam., solitary, rarely 2–5 in terminal corymbs; sepals narrowly triangular or triangular-lanceolate.		61 R. glandulosocalycinus
+	Flowers 3–4 cm in diam., 2–5 in terminal corymbs, rarely solitary; sepals lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or narrowly ovate-lanceolate.		(31)
31 (30)	Leaves 7–9(–11)-foliolate; leaflets lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate; carpels more than 100; torus sessile; ovary and aggregate fruit without glandular hairs.		62 R. tsangii
+	Leaves 5–7-foliolate; leaflets ovate to ovate-oblong; carpels less than 100; torus stipitate, stipe ca. 3 mm; ovary and aggregate fruit with sparse, glandular hairs.		63 R. glandulosocarpus
32 (21)	Terminal inflorescences cymose-panicles or subracemes.		(33)
+	Terminal inflorescences corymbs, rarely short racemes, or flowers several in a cluster or solitary.		(44)
33 (32)	Abaxial surface of leaflets pubescent or subglabrous.		(34)
+	Abaxial surface of leaflets densely tomentose.		(38)
34 (33)	Plants without glandular hairs; flowers white.		(35)
+	Plants with glandular hairs; flowers white or purple.		(36)
35 (34)	Branchlets with sparse prickles; leaflets ovate-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate; sepals ovate-lanceolate, sparsely glandular abaxially; petals pilose abaxially.		11 R. alnifoliolatus
+	Branchlets unarmed; leaflets elliptic or oblong; sepals triangular-ovate, not glandular abaxially; petals glabrous.		12 R. fraxinifolius
36 (34)	Leaflets ovate to ovate-lanceolate, margin coarsely and sharply serrate; pedicel 1–2 cm; petals white, glabrous; aggregate fruit 7–9 mm in diam.		8 R. chiliadenus
+	Leaflets broadly ovate to suborbicular, margin coarsely and sharply doubly serrate; pedicel 0.5–1 cm; petals purple, glabrous or pubescent; aggregate fruit 8–15 mm in diam.		(37)
37 (36)	Petals glabrous; aggregate fruit 8–10 mm in diam.		9 R. adenophorus
+	Petals hirsute basally on both surfaces; aggregate fruit 10–15 mm in diam.		10 R. parviaraliifolius
38 (33)	Plants without glandular hairs.		(39)
+	Plants with glandular hairs.		(41)
39 (38)	Inflorescences subracemes; branchlets, petioles, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx minutely pubescent; sepals acute.		7 R. lishuiensis
+	Inflorescences cymose panicles or subracemes; branchlets, petioles, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx tomentose or glabrous; sepals acute or long acuminate.		(40)
40 (39)	Branchlets, petioles, and pedicels pubescent; abaxial surface of calyx tomentose; sepals acute.		5 R. flosculosus
+	Branchlets, petioles, and pedicels glabrous; abaxial surface of calyx glabrous; sepals long acuminate.		6 R. cockburnianus
41 (38)	Leaves 5–7-foliolate.		(42)
+	Leaves 3-, rarely 5-foliolate.		(43)
42 (41)	Plants with unequal long glandular hairs; terminal inflorescences large cymose panicles; sepals ovate-lanceolate, apex caudate; leaflets ovate to ovate-lanceolate.		1 R. grandipaniculatus
+	Plants with 1–2 mm glandular hairs; terminal inflorescences short subracemes or narrow cymose panicles; sepals ovate, apex acute; leaflets usually elliptic to ovate-lanceolate.		2 R. idaeopsis
43 (41)	Leaflets coarsely serrate or doubly serrate; terminal inflorescences subracemes or narrow panicles; pedicel 0.4–1 cm; sepals ovate, apically acute.		3 R. innominatus
+	Leaflets coarsely obtusely serrate; terminal inflorescences large cymose panicles; pedicel 1.5–2.5 cm; sepals lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, apically caudate.		4 R. spinulosoides
44 (32)	Aggregate fruit densely tomentose.		(45)
+	Aggregate fruit pubescent or glabrous.		(63)
45 (44)	Abaxial surface of leaflets densely tomentose.		(46)
+	Abaxial surface of leaflets pubescent.		(58)
46 (45)	Leaves 5–9-, rarely 3- or 11-foliolate.		(47)
+	Leaves 3–5(–7)-foliolate.		(50)
47 (46)	Flowers solitary, white; sepals caudate.		16 R. bonatianus
+	Flowers in terminal corymbs or several in a cluster; sepals acute, acuminate, or caudate.		(48)
48 (47)	Flowers white; leaflets incised to doubly serrate; sepals caudate; inflorescences corymbs or flowers 3 or 4 in a cluster.		15 R. trijugus
+	Flowers red; leaflets coarsely sharply serrate or coarsely incised to doubly serrate; sepals acute or acuminate; inflorescences corymbs, rarely short thyrses.		(49)
49 (48)	Leaves (5–)7–9(–11)-foliolate, coarsely sharply serrate; sepals acute; carpels 55–70; aggregate fruit 8–12 mm in diam.		13 R. niveus
+	Leaves 3–5-foliolate, coarsely incised-doubly serrate; sepals acuminate; carpels 20–40; aggregate fruit 5–8 mm in diam.		14 R. piluliferus
50 (46)	Plants with needle-like prickles and glandular hairs.		(51)
+	Plants unarmed, glandular hairs absent or rarely with sparse, needle-like prickles or glandular hairs on some parts.		(53)
51 (50)	Leaves 5–7-foliolate; flowers solitary or in clusters of 2 or 3; abaxial surface of calyx tomentose.		17 R. wawushanensis
+	Leaves 3-foliolate, rarely 5-foliolate; flowers in terminal corymbs or solitary; abaxial surface of calyx pubescent.		(52)
52 (51)	Low shrubs; flowers ca. 1 cm in diam., 5–9 or more in terminal corymbs.		18 R. sachalinensis
+	Subshrubs or herblike; flowers 1.5–2 cm in diam., 1–3 terminal on branchlets.		19 R. irritans
53 (50)	Aggregate fruit yellow at maturity, with caducous hairs.		(54)
+	Aggregate fruit red or orange-red at maturity, persistently tomentose.		(55)
54 (53)	Plants villous; leaflets rhombic or ovate to elliptic; abaxial surface of calyx villous, with dense, needle-like prickles; sepals ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, apex caudate.		40 R. alexeterius
+	Plants glabrous; leaflets broadly ovate, suborbicular, or elliptic; abaxial surface of calyx glabrous, unarmed; sepals broadly ovate or orbicular-ovate, apex acute.		39 R. biflorus
55 (53)	Aggregate fruit subglobose, 12–20 mm in diam., densely long tomentose; petiole and pedicel with sparse, glandular hairs; abaxial surface of calyx with sparse, glandular hairs, prickly.		20 R. eucalyptus
+	Aggregate fruit subglobose or narrowly ovoid, 10–14 mm in diam., shortly tomentose; petiole, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx without glandular hairs; abaxial surface of calyx unarmed or prickly.		(56)
56 (55)	Leaves (3–)5–7-foliolate; abaxial surface of calyx ± with needle-like prickles; flowers white.		21 R. idaeus
+	Leaves usually 3-foliolate; abaxial surface of calyx unarmed; flowers white, pinkish, or purple.		(57)
57 (56)	Leaflets ovate or elliptic; flowers white or pinkish; aggregate fruit semiglobose, less than 10 mm, orange, yellow, or orange-red.		22 R. aurantiacus
+	Leaflets broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate; flowers purple; aggregate fruit narrowly ovoid, 10–15 mm, red.		23 R. austrotibetanus
58 (45)	Flowers usually solitary; pedicel 4–6 cm; leaflets, branchlets, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx pubescent, without glandular hairs.		28 R. gyamdaensis
+	Flowers 3–10 or more in terminal corymbs; pedicel (0.7–)1–3.5 cm; abaxial surface of leaflets pubescent only along veins.		(59)
59 (58)	Plants with sparse, glandular hairs; branchlets, petioles, and abaxial surface of calyx pubescent; flowers ca. 1 cm in diam.; abaxial surface of calyx with needle-like prickles and soft hairs.		24 R. komarovii
+	Plants without glandular hairs; flowers 1–3 cm in diam.; abaxial surface of calyx unarmed or rarely prickly, puberulous, finely pubescent or glabrous.		(60)
60 (59)	Branchlets, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx glabrous; flowers 1–1.5(–2) cm in diam.; abaxial surface of calyx unarmed; aggregate fruit 8–12 mm in diam., densely tomentose.		25 R. pileatus
+	Branchlets, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx pubescent, rarely glabrous; flowers 2–3 cm in diam.; abaxial surface of calyx sometimes with minute prickles; aggregate fruit 8–20 mm in diam., densely long tomentose, shortly tomentose, or pubescent.		(61)
61 (60)	Flowers 2–3 cm in diam.; aggregate fruit 13–20 mm in diam., densely long tomentose; leaves (3–)5–7-foliolate.		26 R. pseudopileatus
+	Flowers 1–1.5 cm in diam.; aggregate fruit 8–12 mm in diam., shortly tomentose or pubescent; leaves (5–)7–11-foliolate.		(62)
62 (61)	Branchlets and inflorescences minutely pubescent; terminal corymbs or short racemes more than 10-flowered; ovary and base of style tomentose; aggregate fruit yellowish red to purplish red, densely shortly tomentose.		27 R. subinopertus
+	Branchlets and inflorescences glabrous; short terminal corymbs several flowered; ovary and base of style pubescent; aggregate fruit purplish black, thinly pubescent.		42 R. inopertus
63 (44)	Abaxial surface of leaflets tomentose.		(64)
+	Abaxial surface of leaflets pubescent or glabrous.		(78)
64 (63)	Leaves (5–)7–11(–13)-foliolate, terminal leaflet more than 2 × as long as lateral leaflets; aggregate fruit densely pubescent.		29 R. thibetanus
+	Leaves 3–7-foliolate, terminal leaflet slightly longer than lateral leaflets; aggregate fruit glabrous or pubescent.		(65)
65 (64)	Plants densely bristly or with glandular hairs.		(66)
+	Plants without bristles and glandular hairs, rarely sparsely stipitate glandular on some parts.		(68)
66 (65)	Plants with glandular hairs; leaflets coarsely serrate or incised; apex of sepals caudate; aggregate fruit red.		30 R. phoenicolasius
+	Plants without glandular hairs; leaflets sharply serrulate; apex of sepals acute; aggregate fruit golden yellow.		(67)
67 (66)	Leaflets elliptic, apex acute or abruptly pointed, abaxially tomentose.		31 R. ellipticus
+	Leaflets elliptic or ovate, rarely obovate, apex caudate or acute, rarely obtuse, abaxially glabrous, sparsely pubescent and bristly only along veins.		48 R. wallichianus
68 (65)	Leaves 5–7-foliolate; leaflets pinnatilobate; branchlets, petioles, and pedicels sometimes sparsely stipitate glandular; abaxial surface of calyx pubescent, with needle-like prickles or sparsely stipitate glandular; aggregate fruit red, glabrous.		32 R. stimulans
+	Leaves 3–5-foliolate; branchlets, petioles, and pedicel not stipitate glandular; abaxial surface of calyx glabrous, pubescent or with needle-like prickles; aggregate fruit red, dark red, purplish red, yellow, or black.		(69)
69 (68)	Aggregate fruit yellow.		(70)
+	Aggregate fruit red, blue-black, or black.		(72)
70 (69)	Branchlets, rachis, pedicels, and abaxial surface of calyx glabrous; sepals broadly ovate or orbicular-ovate, apically acute.		39 R. biflorus
+	Branchlets, rachis, pedicels, and abaxial surface of calyx pubescent; sepals narrowly ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate, apically long acuminate to caudate.		(71)
71 (70)	Leaflets rhombic, ovate, narrowly ovate, or elliptic; calyx 1.5–2 cm, with dense, needle-like prickles; flowers white; ovary glabrous, or tomentose only at apex, style tomentose basally.		40 R. alexeterius
+	Leaflets ovate to ovate-lanceolate; calyx to 1.5 cm, unarmed; flowers pink; ovary sericeous-villous, style glabrous.		41 R. pedunculosus
72 (69)	Aggregate fruit black or blue-black.		(73)
+	Aggregate fruit red.		(75)
73 (72)	Pedicel 1.5–3.5 cm; apex of calyx lobes caudate; leaflets coarsely incised-doubly serrate; terminal corymbs several flowered.		41 R. pedunculosus
+	Pedicel 0.6–1.2 cm; apex of calyx lobes acute to acuminate; leaflets large- or incised-serrate; terminal corymbs several to more than 20-flowered.		(74)
74 (73)	Leaflets lobed, coarsely serrate; branchlets, petioles, and pedicels with sparse, needle-like prickles; aggregate fruit glabrous.		37 R. mesogaeus
+	Leaflets coarsely incised-serrate; branchlets, petioles, and pedicels with dense, needle-like prickles; aggregate fruit puberulous.		38 R. subtibetanus
75 (72)	Apex of leaflets obtuse, rarely acute; abaxial surface of calyx with needle-like prickles.		33 R. parvifolius
+	Apex of leaflets shortly acuminate to acuminate, rarely acute; abaxial surface of calyx usually unarmed.		(76)
76 (75)	Leaflets lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate; abaxial surface of calyx tomentose; branchlets, petioles, and pedicel pubescent.		36 R. kulinganus
+	Leaflets ovate or narrowly ovate to ovate-lanceolate; abaxial surface of calyx glabrous or hairy; branchlets, petioles, and pedicel glabrous or tomentose.		(77)
77 (76)	Branchlets, petioles, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx glabrous; terminal corymbs 3- or 4-flowered.		34 R. erythrocarpus
+	Branchlets, petioles, and pedicel pubescent; abaxial surface of calyx pubescent, intermixed tomentose; terminal corymbs 6–10-flowered.		35 R. subornatus
78 (63)	Leaves (5–)7–15-foliolate.		(79)
+	Leaves 3–7(–9)-foliolate.		(84)
79 (78)	Flowers several in clusters or in short terminal corymbs; rachis, pedicels, and abaxial surface of calyx glabrous.		(80)
+	Flowers solitary or in clusters of 2 or 3, terminal or axillary; rachis, pedicels, and abaxial surface of calyx pubescent.		(81)
80 (79)	Leaves (5–)7–11-foliolate; leaflets puberulent on both surfaces; flowers 10–12 mm in diam.; calyx brown; petals obovate, 4–6 mm in diam.		42 R. inopertus
+	Leaves 5-foliolate; leaflets glabrous on both surfaces, or abaxially puberulent only along veins; flowers 12–14 mm in diam.; calyx dark brownish purple; petals suborbicular, 8–9 mm in diam.		43 R. wilsonii
81 (79)	Aggregate fruit oblong, rarely ellipsoid, red; flowers 3–4 cm in diam.; branchlets, petioles, and leaflets glabrous or subglabrous.		44 R. amabilis
+	Aggregate fruit subglobose, blackish red, yellowish red or red; flowers 2–3 cm in diam.; plants glabrous or with glandular hairs.		(82)
82 (81)	Plants glabrous, without glandular hairs; aggregate fruit red.		47 R. taiwanicola
+	Plants with glandular hairs or not; aggregate fruit blackish red or yellowish red.		(83)
83 (82)	Shrubs 1–2 m tall, with glandular hairs; leaflets ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or rhombic- ovate; aggregate fruit blackish red, 1–1.2 cm in diam.		45 R. ptilocarpus
+	Subshrubs, 10–50 cm tall, without glandular hairs, rarely petioles or pedicels with sparse, glandular hairs; leaflets broadly ovate or rhombic-ovate, rarely oblong; aggregate fruit yellowish red, 1.4–2 cm in diam.		46 R. lutescens
84 (78)	Plants with reddish brown bristles; flowers white; aggregate fruit golden yellow or reddish yellow; leaves 3-foliolate.		48 R. wallichianus
+	Plants without bristles; flowers red or white; aggregate fruit red, dark red, or purplish black; leaves 3–7-foliolate.		(85)
85 (84)	Terminal inflorescences corymbs or short racemes, several to more than 30-flowered.		(86)
+	Terminal inflorescences corymbs, 2–4-flowered or slightly more, sometimes flowers several in clusters or solitary.		(88)
86 (85)	Terminal inflorescences corymbs; apex of sepals acuminate to caudate; abaxial surface of calyx pubescent.		49 R. coreanus
+	Terminal inflorescences short racemes; apex of sepals obtuse, acute, or acuminate; abaxial surface of calyx villous.		(87)
87 (86)	Leaves 5-foliolate; leaflets ovate, broadly ovate, or rhombic-ovate, apex acute; sepals ovate or broadly ovate, apex obtuse or acute.		50 R. subcoreanus
+	Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets narrowly ovate or ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate; sepals ovate-lanceolate, apex subulate-acuminate.		51 R. spananthus
88 (85)	Plants stipitate glandular; leaves 3-foliolate.		(89)
+	Plants not stipitate glandular, rarely with stipitate glands on some parts; leaves 3–7(–9)-foliolate.		(90)
89 (88)	Leaflets 2–4 cm, coarsely sharply serrate; petioles 2–3.5 cm; flowers 1–1.5 cm in diam.; ovary sparsely pilose.		52 R. stans
+	Leaflets 4–8 cm, irregularly obtusely dentate; petioles 4–8(–10) cm; flowers 2–3 cm in diam.; ovary glabrous.		53 R. sikkimensis
90 (88)	Leaves (3–)5–7(–9)-foliolate; branchlets and abaxial surface of calyx with dense, straight needle-like prickles.		54 R. pungens
+	Leaves 3-foliolate, rarely 5-foliolate; branchlets and abaxial surface of calyx with sparse, curved or straight minute prickles, or abaxial surface of calyx unarmed.		(91)
91 (90)	Subshrubs, 40–60 cm tall; terminal leaflet slightly longer than lateral leaflets; abaxial surface of calyx with sparse, curved minute prickles.		57 R. simplex
+	Shrubs or subshrubs, 15–200 cm tall; terminal leaflet much longer than lateral leaflets; abaxial surface of calyx with straight needle-like prickles or unarmed.		(92)
92 (91)	Shrubs 1–2 m tall; leaflets lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, or ovate; petiolule of terminal leaflet 0.5–1 cm; abaxial surface of calyx unarmed.		55 R. macilentus
+	Subshrubs, 15–50 cm tall; leaflets oblong or elliptic-oblong, rarely ovate-lanceolate; petiolule of terminal leaflet 1–2.5 cm; abaxial surface of calyx with straight needle-like prickles.		56 R. xanthocarpus