1	Galea of corolla ca. 1/2 as long as lower lip.		(2)
+	Galea of corolla ca. as long as lower lip.		(9)
2 (1)	Calyx lobes by fusion appearing 3.		(3)
+	Calyx lobes distinctly 5.		(4)
3 (2)	Leaf segments 6--9 pairs, linear-oblong to triangular-ovate; capsule triangular-lanceolate, ca. 12 X 4 mm		149 Pedicularis holocalyx
+	Leaf segments 9 or 10 pairs, ovate to oblong; capsule obliquely ovoid, 6--7 X 4 mm		150 Pedicularis spicata
4 (2)	Leaves pinnatifid		159 Pedicularis lineata
+	Leaves pinnatipartite to pinnatisect.		(5)
5 (4)	Filaments glabrous.		(6)
+	2 filaments pubescent.		(7)
6 (5)	Roots single, not fleshy; calyx lobes triangular, ± entire or obscurely serrate		156 Pedicularis brachycrania
+	Roots usually several, fleshy; calyx lobes ovate to oblong, pinnatifid		131 Pedicularis roylei
7 (5)	Plants with clustered fibrous roots; calyx lobes linear-lanceolate		133 Pedicularis likiangensis
+	Plants with a main root; calyx lobes wider, ± ovate or wider than long.		(8)
8 (7)	Crown not scaly; calyx lobes unequal, posterior one triangular, entire		154 Pedicularis diffusa
+	Crown ovate scaly; calyx lobes ± equal, serrate		155 Pedicularis nyalamensis
9 (1)	Calyx deeply cleft anteriorly.		(10)
+	Calyx not or slightly cleft anteriorly.		(18)
10 (9)	Median or sometimes distal bracts subpalmatifid, usually with 3(--5) lobules.		(11)
+	Bracts pinnatifid or only serrate.		(12)
11 (10)	Plants 8 cm tall or more; calyx lobes slender, 2/7--2/5 as long as calyx tube, serrulate; corolla tube decurved at middle; apex of galea not mucronulate		134 Pedicularis violascens
+	Plants barely 3 cm tall; calyx lobes triangular, short, barely as long as 1/5 calyx tube, entire; corolla tube decurved ± basally; apex of galea mucronulate		137 Pedicularis pygmaea
12 (10)	Calyx with obscurely reticulate veins, lobes prominent.		(13)
+	Calyx with distinct reticulate veins, lobes obscure.		(16)
13 (12)	Plants usually woody, many branched apically		136 Pedicularis chingii
+	Plants herbaceous, unbranched apically.		(14)
14 (13)	Roots fleshy; calyx lobes distinctly lobulate		130 Pedicularis rupicola
+	Roots not fleshy; calyx lobes without lobules.		(15)
15 (14)	Leaves 2.5--4 X as long as wide, with 6--10 pairs of segments; corolla more than 10 mm; calyx lobes grouped posteriorly; anterior filaments pubescent		135 Pedicularis verticillata
+	Leaves less than 2 X as long as wide, with 3 or 4 pairs of segments; corolla 9--10 mm; calyx lobes not grouped posteriorly; all filaments glabrous		158 Pedicularis minutilabris
16 (12)	Proximal segments of leaf blade becoming leafletlike; corolla tube ca. 2.5 mm wide, strongly decurved basally		148 Pedicularis confluens
+	Proximal segments of leaf blade not becoming leafletlike; corolla tube 0.8--1.5 mm wide, slightly decurved basally.		(17)
17 (16)	Leaf segments oblong-triangular; calyx 5-lobed, tube 4.5--5.5 mm, 1/2 cleft anteriorly; 2 filaments sparsely pubescent		146 Pedicularis transmorrisonensis
+	Leaf segments linear-lanceolate; calyx 3-lobed, tube ca. 3.5 mm, ca. 1/3 cleft anteriorly; 2 filaments villous		147 Pedicularis ganpinensis
18 (9)	Plants less than 3 cm tall; calyx lobes distinctly 3-divided		143 Pedicularis minima
+	Plants more than 3 cm tall; calyx lobes not distinctly 3-lobed.		(19)
19 (18)	Corolla tube ca. 3 X as long as galea; apex of galea ovate, acute		145 Pedicularis altifrontalis
+	Corolla tube ca. 2 X as long as galea; apex of galea rounded or truncate.		(20)
20 (19)	Leaves pinnatifid.		(21)
+	Leaves ± pinnatisect.		(24)
21 (20)	Lower corolla lip ciliate; calyx lobes ± triangular.		(22)
+	Lower corolla lip not ciliate; calyx lobes oblong to lanceolate.		(23)
22 (21)	Stems usually numerous, cespitose; lobes of lower corolla lip not rounded		152 Pedicularis triangularidens
+	Stems single; lobes of lower corolla lip rounded		153 Pedicularis dolichostachya
23 (21)	Stems rigid, usually unbranched; calyx ca. 4 mm, lobes ± serrate; plants pubescent		151 Pedicularis szetschuanica
+	Stems many branched, branches slender and weak; calyx 2.5 mm, lobes entire; plants glabrous		157 Pedicularis flaccida
24 (20)	Median and distal bracts subpalmatifid, 3--5-lobulate, slender, fingerlike.		(25)
+	Bracts pinnatifid or slightly palmatifid, lobes short and rounded.		(26)
25 (24)	Roots ± fleshy; leaves with linear, dentate segments; calyx lobes equal, ± entire		138 Pedicularis anthemifolia
+	Roots ± woody; leaves with lanceolate, pinnatipartite segments; calyx lobes unequal, serrate		139 Pedicularis kansuensis
26 (24)	2 filaments or all 4 pubescent.		(27)
+	Filaments glabrous.		(29)
27 (26)	Bracts broadly ovate; middle lobe of lower corolla lip ca. 3.5 mm wide		144 Pedicularis tenera
+	Bracts linear-lanceolate; middle lobe of lower corolla lip ca. 2.5 mm wide.		(28)
28 (27)	Calyx glabrous; galea not crested; lower corolla lip glabrous, apex of lobes not apiculate		140 Pedicularis glabrescens
+	Calyx long ciliate; galea narrowly crested; lower corolla lip ciliate, apex of lobes apiculate		141 Pedicularis zayuensis
29 (26)	Calyx lobes ca. as long as calyx tube, ± pinnatisect apically, divisions slender		142 Pedicularis daucifolia
+	Calyx lobes much shorter than calyx tube, barely serrate or entire.		(30)
30 (29)	Calyx densely whitish villous, lobes ca. 1/3 as long as calyx, unequal, ± ovate-oblong, serrate; galea 5--8 mm		131 Pedicularis roylei
+	Calyx glabrous, lobes ca. 1/5 as long as calyx, ± equal, triangular, ± entire; galea ca. 4 mm		132 Pedicularis bomiensis