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14. Emex Campd., Monogr. Rumex. 56. 1819.; nom. conserv.; Boiss., Fl. Or. 4: 1005. 1879; R.A.Grahm in Turrill & Milne-Redhead, Fl. Trop. E. Afr. Polygon. 3. 1958; Tutin in Tutin et al., Fl. Europ. 1: 89. 1964; Cullen in P.H.Davis, Fl.Turk. 2: 293. 1967; Rech. f. & Schiman-Czeika in Rech. f., Fl. Iran. 56: 1. 1968; Siddiqi in Pak. J. For. 23(2): 128. 1973; Bhopal & Chaudhri in Pak. Syst. 1(2);: 97. 1977; Mandaville, Fl. East Saudi Arab. 104. 1990; Boulos, Fl. Egypt 1: 24. 1999; Chaudhary, Fl. Kingd. Saudi Arab. 1: 311. 1999.
Annual glabrous herbs. Leaves alternate, entire, ochreate, ochrea membranous, soon becoming lacerate, petiolate, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-cordate. Flowers unisexual (plants monoecious), rarely bisexual. Perianth segments 6, greenish, distinct in staminate flowers; connate in pistillate flowers, arranged in 2 whorls of 3 each, inner ones erect, outer ones spinescent, indurated in fruit. Stamens 4-6. Styles 3, dilated and fimbriate above; stigmas 3. Nut 3-angled, enclosed in the spiniscent perianth. Seeds turbinate-trigonous, erect.
A genus with only 2 species, distributed in Mediterranean coastal parts, South Afrrica, Australia, Kenya, Iran, Pakistan and Arabia.
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Fruiting perianth 11-12 mm across (including spines), inner segments lanceolate, outer segments centrally ribbed and foveolate on either side with 2 longitudinal grooves. |
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1 E. australis |
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Fruiting perianth not or hardly more than 4 mm across (including spines), inner segments broadly ovate or rounded with a mucro, outer segments centrally ribbed and foveolate on either side with 3 longitudinal grooves. |
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2 E. spinosus |
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Lower Taxa
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