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12. Fimbristylis Vahl, Enum. Pl. 2: 285. 1805; C.B.Clarke in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 630. 1893; R.R.Stewart, l.c. 95. 1972; Kukkonen in Rech.f., l.c. 71. 1998.
[nom. cons.]
Iria (Rich.) R. Hedw., Gen. Pl.: 360. 1806.
Small, soft annuals or perennials. Stem scapose. Leaves with or without ligule, upper, "cauline", leaves short or, sometimes, present as bladeless sheaths only. Bracts short or overtopping inflorescence. Inflorescence a multiple spike or anthelodium, of several to more than 50 spikes, primary branches each with basal tubular prophyll. Spikes solitary or geminate, seldom three together on a common peduncle; glumes spirally arranged, from several to 40 or more; rachis articulate, usually with scarious wings. Perianth bristles 0; stamens 1 - 3, seldom 0; stigmas 2 or 3; stylopodium articulating from nut, caducous. Nut lenticular or globose.
Resembling Abildgaardia, but inflorescences with many more spikes; also resembling Bulbostylis, but mouth margin of sheaths not ciliate.
A genus with c. 200 species, represented in Pakistan by 14 species.
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| 1 (1) |
Stigmas 3, style not flat, usually glabrous. |
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(1) |
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Stigmas 2, style flat, usually ciliate. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (2) |
Ligule a fringe of short hairs. |
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(2) |
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Ligule absent . |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Perennial; stem 2-3 mm diam. |
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1 F. complanata |
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Annual; stem 0.6-0.8 mm diam. |
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2 F. woodrowi |
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| 4 (4) |
Cauline leaves with well developed blades. |
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(4) |
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Cauline leaves reduced to blade-less sheaths. |
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(5) |
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| 5 (5) |
Stout perennials. |
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(5) |
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Annual with fibrous roots. |
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5 F. tenera |
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| 6 |
Rhizome short, upright. |
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3 F. cymosa |
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Rhizome elongated, horizontal. |
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4 F. falcata |
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| 7 |
Basal leaves laterally compressed, without prominent midrib, adaxial side a narrow groove. |
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6 F. miliacea |
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Basal leaves with prominent midrib, not laterally compressed, adaxial side flat, wide. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Annual, stem acutely 4-5-angled, deeply grooved. |
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7 F. quinquangularis |
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Perennial, stem nearly terete, not deeply grooved. |
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8 F. umbellaris |
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| 9 (9) |
Ligule present as a fringe of short hairs. |
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(9) |
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Ligule absent. |
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(10) |
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| 10 (10) |
Nuts smooth or finely reticulate; upper half of glumes hairy or glabrous. |
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(10) |
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Nuts trabeculate; glumes glabrous. |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Apical part of glumes tomentose. |
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9 F. turkestanica |
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Glumes glabrous, glossy. |
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10 F. schoenoides |
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| 12 |
Spikes 1-1.5 mm wide, angular; glumes keeled; style 0.75-1 mm; nut 0.6-0.7 mm. |
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12 F. bisumbellata |
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Spikes 2-4 mm wide, terete; glumes not keeled; style 2-4 mm long; nut 1-1.3 mm. |
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11 F. dichotoma |
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| 13 |
Annual; style base fringed with long, pendent hairs; spikes 1-1.5 mm wide; glumes aristate. |
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14 F. squarrosa |
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Perennials; style base glabrous; spikes 1-5 mm wide; glumes not aristate. |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Rhizome upright, short; nut c. 0.8 x 0.6 mm. |
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3 F. cymosa |
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Rhizome horizontal, short; nut c. 1.4 x 1.1 mm. |
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13 F. rigidula |
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List of lower taxa
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