1 (1)	Pistillate flowers di-stigmatic.		(1)
+	Pistillate flowers tri-stigmatic.		(2)
2 (2)	In lower bract axils a single peduncled spike; terminal spikes male.		(2)
+	In lower bract axils several peduncled spikes; all spikes androgynous.		(3)
3 (2)	Plants 10-60 cm; leaves c. 1/2 of stem length; bracts mostly not longer than their spike; utricles 2-2.8 mm.		60 C. orbicularis
+	Plants 30-100 cm; leaves slightly shorter to longer than stem; bracts longer than their spike, equalling or longer than inflorescence; utricles 2.5-4.7 mm.		59 C. dimorpholepis
4	Lowest bract longer than its partial inflorescence; utricles scabrous along nerves and margins.		25 C. brunnea
+	Lowest bract shorter than its partial inflorescence; utricles glabrous.		26 C. longicruris
5 (5)	No entirely staminate spikes present or not easily distinguished from pistillate spikes (entirely male spikes occasionally in many species).		(5)
+	Entirely staminate spikes clearly differentiated.		(6)
6 (6)	Inflorescence a compact group of sessile or subsessile, erect spikes.		(6)
+	Inflorescence lax, more or less nodding; at least lowest spikes pedunculate, often remote.		(7)
7 (7)	Spikes large, at least the terminal > 10 mm; utricles 2.5-3 mm, leaves 2.5-5 mm wide.		(7)
+	Spikes < 10 mm; utricles 1.5-3 mm; leaves 1.5-3 mm wide.		(8)
8 (7)	Terminal spike longer than the others; female glumes c. 2.5 mm.		50 C. decaulescens
+	Terminal spike not longer than the others; female glumes 4-6 mm.		54 C. melanantha
9	Plants 5-50(-100) cm; leaves 1/2-2/3 of stem length, 1.5-3.5 mm wide; utricles 2-3.7 mm, beak 0.3-0.8 mm.		52 C. infuscata
+	Plants 3-12 cm; leaves shorter to as long as stem, 0.5-2.5 mm wide; utricles 1.8-2.5 mm, beak c. 0.1 mm.		(10)
10 (9)	Leaves c. 0.5 mm wide; female glumes 2.5-3 mm; utricles glossy.		47 C. borii
+	Leaves 1.5-2.5 mm wide; female glumes 1.6-1.7 mm; utricles papillose, not glossy.		58 C. pseudobicolor
11 (11)	Leaves long, more or less equalling stem length.		(11)
+	Leaves short, c. 1/2 of stem length; blades 1-9 mm; lowest bracts with long sheath or sheath-less.		(12)
12 (12)	Female glumes 1.2-2.5 mm; utricles 2-2.7 mm.		(12)
+	Female glumes 2.3-4.3 mm; utricles 4-5.2 mm; ligule 0.7-1.3 mm.		(13)
13 (12)	Female glumes 1.2-1.7 mm, blunt; utricles c. 2 mm, beak very short, c. 0.1 mm.		53 C. lehmannii
+	Female glumes 1.8-2.5 mm, acute or mucronate; utricles 2.2-2.7 mm, beak cylindrical, up to 0.3 mm.		57 C. obscura
14	Ligule to 0.7 mm; female glumes 3.9-4.3 mm; utricles 4-4.2 mm, with 0.1-0.2 mm beak.		55 C. duthiei
+	Ligule to 1.3 mm; female glumes 2.5-3.3 mm; utricles 4-5.2 mm, with 1-2 mm beak.		44 C. psychrophila
15	Spikes club-shaped; utricles spherical or widely elongated, tightly aggregated, beak 0.3-1 mm; arch of ligule shallow, broader than high.		56 C. nivalis
+	Spikes cylindrical or ellipsoid; utricles narrowly ellipsoid, reflexed and not tightly aggregated, beak 1-1.5 mm; arch of ligule high, higher than wide.		41 C. cruenta
16 (16)	Utricles variously hairy, mostly rather small.		(16)
+	Utricles glabrous (occasionally sparsely setose in C. flacca, C. stenocarpa and C. turkestanica).		(17)
17 (17)	Utricles 5-7(-8) mm; mostly rather tall plants, 25-80 cm.		(17)
+	Utricles 2-5(-5.5) mm; mostly rather small plants, (2.5-) 10-60(-70) cm.		(18)
18 (17)	Utricles 6.2-7.8, beak 1.7-2.2 mm, nut c. 4.2 mm.		43 C. plectobasis
+	Utricles (3.7)4-5.2, beak 0.3-1.3 mm; nut 2-3 mm.		(19)
19 (18)	Utricles (3.7-)4-5.2 mm, beak 0.3-0.8 mm; nut 3-3.7 mm.		51 C. haematostoma
+	Utricles 3.8-4 mm, beak 0.9-1.3 mm; nut 2.2 x 1.2 mm.		42 C. kashmirensis
20 (20)	Utricles 3-5(-5.5) mm; spikes mostly elongate, lax; female glumes usually shorter than utricles; ligule mostly scarcely arched (arched in C. hymenolepis).		(20)
+	Utricles 1.7-3.2 mm; spikes mostly globose, compact; female glumes longer than utricles; ligule mostly clearly arched.		(21)
21 (21)	Utricles 3-3.7 mm; female glumes 2.7-3.1 mm, shorter than utricles.		(21)
+	Utricles 3-5.1(-5.5) mm; female glumes 3.5-6 mm, longer than utricles.		(22)
22 (22)	Leaves longer than stem; spikes long, cylindrical and compact.		(22)
+	Leaves c. 1/3 of stem; spikes fusiform or club-shaped, lax.		45 C. setosa
23	Glumes long aristate.		35 C. hymenolepis
+	Glumes mucronate.		20 C. hebecarpa
24	Spikes elongated, compact; stem 1-1.5 mm diam.; lowest bract sheathless; utricles suberous.		19 C. fedia
+	Spikes elongated or globular, compact or lax; stem 0.5-1(-1.5) mm diam.; lowest bract vaginate (in C.halleriana sheath-less); utricles not suberous.		(25)
25 (24)	Leaves 2.5-4.5 mm wide; bracts shorter than their spike.		34 C. oligocarya
+	Leaves 0.5-2.5 mm wide; bracts from equalling spike (C. cardiolepis) to longer than inflorescence.		(26)
26 (25)	Leaves 1-2.5 mm wide; lowest bract equalling its spike; utricles 3-4.3 mm, beak 0.3 mm.		32 C. cardiolepis
+	Leaves 0.5-1.5 mm; lowest bract equalling or overtopping inflorescence; utricles 4.5-5.5 mm, beak 0.5-1 mm.		(27)
27 (26)	Plants stoloniferous; stem 0.5-0.8 mm diam.; female glume 3.5-4.5 mm; no gynobasic female spikes.		33 C. chitralensis
+	Plants caespitose; stem 1-1.5 mm diam.; lowest bracts to equalling inflorescence; female glumes 4.5-5.8 mm; tufts with gynobasic female spikes.		31 C. halleriana
28	Style base surrounded by collar (annulus, mitra); female glumes with arista to 2 mm.		39 C. royleana
+	Style base without collar; female glumes acute or arista to 1 mm (C. inanis).		(29)
29 (28)	Utricles 1.7-2.3 mm; male glumes acute to mucronate; female glumes acute.		38 C. griersonii
+	Utricles 2.2-2.7 mm; male glumes mucronate to aristate; female glumes acute or aristate.		(30)
30 (29)	Female glumes acute; utricles conspicuously setose.		36 C. schlagintweitiana
+	Female glumes aristate; upper part of utricles setose.		37 C. inanis
31 (31)	Bracts shorter than inflorescence; leaves shorter than stem; mostly plants of dry localities.		(31)
+	Bracts equalling or longer than inflorescence; leaves mostly equalling stem or longer; mostly plants of moist localities.		(32)
32 (32)	Female spikes black, +-globular, drooping, grouped close together; ligule claerly arched.		(32)
+	Female spikes not black, if drooping then not globular, mostly not grouped closely together; ligule scarcely arched.		(33)
33 (32)	Leaves 1-1.4 mm wide; utricles not papillose lustrous, beak-less.		48 C. montis-everesti
+	Leaves 2-5 mm wide; utricles papillose, not lustrous; beak cylindrical, 0.2-0.5 mm.		49 C. atrofusca
34	Bracts shorter than their spike, sheath 30-40 mm; utricles 4.1-7 mm, beak 1.5-2.3 mm; female glumes 3.7-5.7 mm.		46 C. stenocarpa
+	Bracts as long as their spike or longer, sheath 0-30 mm; utricles 2.7-4 mm (in C. turkestanica 3.8-4.6 mm), beak 0.3-1.6 mm; female glumes 2-3.7 mm (in C. turkestanica 3.3-4.6 mm).		(35)
35 (34)	Plants slender, occasionally to 60 cm, caespitose, without stolons; female spikes 8-15 x 1.1-1.2 mm, drooping, peduncles slender; terminal spike frequently androgynous.		24 C. karoi
+	Plants sturdy, 5-25 cm; rhizome long, stoloniferous; female spikes 5-18 x 3-6 mm, erect, peduncles sturdy; terminal spike male or rarely gynecandrous.		40 C. turkestanica
36 (36)	Aquatic plants, 30-130 cm; stem 0.8-3.5 mm diam; basal sheaths 50-200 mm; leaves 2-10 mm wide; female spikes 20-100 mm; bracts sheath-less.		(36)
+	Not primarily aquatic plants, 20-80 cm; stem 0.5-2.2 mm diam.; basal sheaths 5-50 mm; leaves 1.5-5 mm wide; female spikes 3-38 mm; bracts sheath-less or with sheaths.		(37)
37 (36)	Leaves 6-10 mm wide; utricles 4.7-5.4 mm, not conspicuously inflated.		22 C. pseudocyperus
+	Leaves 2-6 mm wide; utricles 3-8 mm, inflated, when shorter than 4 mm, then not inflated.		(38)
38 (37)	Leaves 4-6 mm wide; stem 1.5-3 mm diam.; utricles 3-4 mm, papillose, not inflated.		18 C. acutiformis
+	Leaves 2-5 mm wide; stem 0.8-2 mm diam.; utricles 4-8 mm, inflated, not papillose.		21 C. pamirica
39	Plants 35-80 cm, with short rhizome; female spikes 12-30 mm, lax; utricles 6.2-6.5 mm, with beak 3-3.2 mm.		28 C. lateralis
+	Plants 15-60 cm, caespitose or stoloniferous; utricles 2.5-5 mm, with beak 0.1-1.3 mm.		(40)
40 (39)	Plants stoloniferous; stem and abaxial side of leaves papillose; utricles glabrous or hispid, papillose, with short beak (0-) 0.1-0.3 mm.		27 C. flacca
+	Plants caespitose or stoloniferous; stem, leaves and utricles glabrous; beak 0.5-1.5 mm.		(41)
41 (40)	Plants stoloniferous; ligule 0.5-0.7 mm; female glumes equalling or longer than utricles; utricles suberous.		23 C. songorica
+	Plants without stolons; ligule 0.2-0.4 mm; female glumes shorter than utricles; utricles membranous.		(42)
42 (41)	Female spikes 5-25 mm, cylindrical, mostly remote, at least lowest with a peduncle to 35 mm.		29 C. diluta
+	Female spikes 3-10 mm, globose or slightly elongated, sessile or subsessile, lowest occasionally remote and with a peduncle to 10 mm.		30 C. serotina