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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 11 | Aquifoliaceae

1. Ilex Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 125. 1753.

冬青属 dong qing shu

Morphological characters and geographic distribution are the same as those of the family.

The genus is classified into three subgenera. Ilex subg. Byronia (Endlicher) Loesener has only one species, I. polypyrena, and I. subg. Prinos includes 12 species. All other species belong to I. subg. Ilex and they are grouped into six sections.


Key 6 (Ilex subg. Prinos (Linnaeus) A. Gray)

1 Fruit usually red, rarely yellow (I. micrococca); pyrenes 4-8(-13), striate or sulcate, or not striate or sulcate abaxially, endocarp leathery, rarely woody   (2)
+ Fruit usually black, rarely red (I. macropoda) or green (I. chapaensis) or purple-black (I. tsoi); pyrenes 4-6(-9), striate and sulcate abaxially, endocarp stony or bony, rarely woody (I. kusanoi)   (5)
       
2 (1) Fruit depressed globose; style present, stigma capitate or crested; pyrenes 6-8(-13), abaxially longitudinally striate, endocarp woody.   193 I. fragilis
+ Fruit globose; style absent, stigma discoid; pyrenes 4-8, abaxially longitudinally 1-sulcate, or not striate or sulcate, endocarp leathery   (3)
       
3 (2) Female inflorescences: cymes 1-3-flowered, solitary, rarely fasciculate, axillary.   196 I. serrata
+ Female inflorescences: cymes umbelliform or compound cymes, more than 3-flowered, solitary, axillary   (4)
       
4 (3) Inflorescences: compound cymes, secondary axis usually longer than pedicels; lateral veins of leaf blade 5-8 pairs.   194 I. micrococca
+ Inflorescences: cymes umbelliform, secondary axis usually absent, or shorter than pedicels; lateral veins of leaf blade 10-20 pairs.   195 I. polyneura
       
5 (1) Fruit more than 10 mm in diam., persistent stigma columnar; style present   (6)
+ Fruit less than 10 mm in diam., persistent stigma usually discoid or capitate; style usually absent   (7)
       
6 (5) Fruit 10-14 mm in diam., pyrenes 7-9; rudimentary ovary pulvinate, apex slightly retuse; leaf blade papery.   197 I. macrocarpa
+ Fruit 12-20 mm in diam., pyrenes 6 or 7; rudimentary ovary conical, rostellate, apex shallowly lobed; leaf blade thinly leathery or papery.   198 I. chapaensis
       
7 (5) Pedicels of female flowers and fruit 10-30 mm   (8)
+ Pedicels of female flowers and fruit shorter than 10 mm   (9)
       
8 (7) Endocarp stony; leaf blade ovate or ovate-elliptic, adaxially puberulent, apex caudate-acuminate, acumen usually 6-10 mm.   199 I. asprella
+ Endocarp woody; leaf blade ovate, glabrous throughout, apex obtuse or shortly and broadly acuminate.   200 I. kusanoi
       
9 (7) Leaf blade obovate, obovate-elliptic, or elliptic, base cuneate or attenuate; pyrenes 4 or 5   (10)
+ Leaf blade ovate, ovate-elliptic, or broadly elliptic, base usually obtuse, rarely rounded or cuneate; pyrenes 5 or 6   (11)
       
10 (9) Leaf blade obovate, usually 2-5 × 1-3 cm; branchlets pubescent at base; fruit globose, ca. 7 mm in diam..   201 I. aculeolata
+ Leaf blade obovate-elliptic or elliptic, 5-8 × 1.8-3.3 cm; branchlets sparsely puberulent or glabrescent; fruit ellipsoidal, 10-15 mm, 6-8 mm in diam..   202 I. kiangsiensis
       
11 (9) Fruit ca. 5 mm in diam., red, fruiting pedicel 6-7 mm, pyrenes 5; calyx of male flowers ca. 2.5 mm in diam., shallowly 5-lobed, margin erose; rudimentary ovary pulvinate, depressed at center.   203 I. macropoda
+ Fruit 6-8 mm in diam., purple-black, fruiting pedicel 1-3 mm, pyrenes 6; calyx of male flowers ca. 4 mm in diam., 6-lobed, margin entire; rudimentary ovary pulvinate, flat at center.   204 I. tsoi

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