| 1 |
Flowers on solitary pedicels originating from basal rosette. |
|
(2) |
| + |
Flowers in racemes, corymbs, or panicles. |
|
(13) |
| |
|
|
|
| 2 (1) |
Stigma conical, with prominent, decurrent, connivent lobes; lateral sepals strongly saccate. |
|
(3) |
| + |
Stigma capitate, entire, if 2-lobed (Desideria) then lobes neither decurrent not connivent; lateral sepals not saccate. |
|
(4) |
| |
|
|
|
| 3 (2) |
Plants with glandular trichomes; leaves pinnatisect or pinnatipartite |
|
68 Chorispora |
| + |
Plants eglandular; leaves entire or dentate |
|
72 Leiospora |
| |
|
|
|
| 4 (2) |
Stigma distinctly 2-lobed; leaves subapically 3-9-toothed |
|
57 Desideria |
| + |
Stigma entire; leaves entire or laterally toothed, if subapically toothed then sepals united or petals yellow. |
|
(5) |
| |
|
|
|
| 5 (4) |
Plants with branched trichomes. |
|
(6) |
| + |
Plants glabrous or with simple trichomes. |
|
(8) |
| |
|
|
|
| 6 (5) |
Annuals with submalpighiaceous trichomes; petals yellow; filaments of median stamens broadly winged |
|
62 Lepidostemon |
| + |
Perennials without submalpighiaceous trichomes; petals white, pink, or purple; filaments of median stamens slender. |
|
(7) |
| |
|
|
|
| 7 (6) |
Leaves entire; petals 3-4 mm; sepals free; dendritic trichomes absent |
|
86 Baimashania |
| + |
Leaves dentate; petals 6-13 mm; sepals united; dendritic trichomes present |
|
84 Pycnoplinthopsis |
| |
|
|
|
| 8 (5) |
Sepals united. |
|
(9) |
| + |
Sepals free. |
|
(10) |
| |
|
|
|
| 9 (8) |
Petioles ciliate; calyx lobes sparsely pilose; pedicels less than 1 cm |
|
64 Solms-laubachia |
| + |
Petioles and calyx lobes glabrous; pedicels 1.5-4 cm |
|
85 Pycnoplinthus |
| |
|
|
|
| 10 (8) |
Leaf margin with distinct, mucronate callosities at vein endings |
|
47 Neomartinella |
| + |
Leaf margin without mucronate callosities. |
|
(11) |
| |
|
|
|
| 11 (10) |
Leaves palmately veined; ovary subdidymous, 2-ovuled; nectar glands 4 |
|
17 Megadenia |
| + |
Leaves pinnately veined; ovary not didymous, more than 2-ovuled; nectar glands 2 and lateral, or confluent and subtending bases of all stamens. |
|
(12) |
| |
|
|
|
| 12 (11) |
Petals 1-2.5 cm; leaves entire; nectar glands 2, lateral |
|
64 Solms-laubachia |
| + |
Petals usually less than 1 cm (rarely to 1.5 cm in P. scapiflorum subsp. robustum); leaves dentate, if entire then sepals to 3 mm; nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all stamens |
|
44 Pegaeophyton |
| |
|
|
|
| 13 (1) |
Plants glabrous or with simple trichomes only. |
|
(14) |
| + |
Plants with branched trichomes. |
|
(90) |
| |
|
|
|
| 14 (13) |
Stamens (8-)12-16(-24) |
|
16 Megacarpaea |
| + |
Stamens 2, 4, or 6. |
|
(15) |
| |
|
|
|
| 15 (14) |
Stamens 2. |
|
(16) |
| + |
Stamens 6 or rarely 4. |
|
(17) |
| |
|
|
|
| 16 (15) |
Fruit not didymous; lateral racemes absent |
|
10 Lepidium |
| + |
Fruit didymous even when immature; lateral racemes present, leaf-opposed |
|
11 Coronopus |
| |
|
|
|
| 17 (15) |
Petals absent. |
|
(18) |
| + |
Petals present. |
|
(20) |
| |
|
|
|
| 18 (17) |
Ovules 1 or 2 per ovary; pistil or fruit as long as wide |
|
10 Lepidium |
| + |
Ovules more than 16 per ovary; pistil or fruit considerably longer than broad. |
|
(19) |
| |
|
|
|
| 19 (18) |
Plants glaucous; rachis of raceme flexuous; leaves linear to linear-oblanceolate |
|
97 Thellungiella |
| + |
Plants not glaucous; rachis of raceme straight; leaves differently shaped |
|
60 Rorippa |
| |
|
|
|
| 20 (17) |
Filaments of median stamens united |
|
63 Dontostemon |
| + |
Filaments of median stamens free. |
|
(21) |
| |
|
|
|
| 21 (20) |
Plants with glandular trichomes. |
|
(22) |
| + |
Plants without glandular trichomes. |
|
(29) |
| |
|
|
|
| 22 (21) |
Stigma entire or subentire; lateral sepals not saccate. |
|
(23) |
| + |
Stigma strongly 2-lobed, capitate, conical, or linear; lateral sepals strongly saccate. |
|
(24) |
| |
|
|
|
| 23 (22) |
Leaves entire; ovary globose; pedicels articulate at base |
|
33 Litwinowia |
| + |
Leaves dentate, serrate, or pinnatifid; ovary linear; pedicels not articulate at base |
|
63 Dontostemon |
| |
|
|
|
| 24 (22) |
Stigma capitate; lobes neither connivent nor decurrent. |
|
(25) |
| + |
Stigma conical or linear; lobes strongly decurrent and connivent. |
|
(26) |
| |
|
|
|
| 25 (24) |
Petals oblanceolate, 0.7-1 cm; style usually more than 2 mm |
|
69 Diptychocarpus |
| + |
Petals obovate, 1.1-2.5 mm; style less than 2 mm |
|
76 Clausia |
| |
|
|
|
| 26 (24) |
Petals yellow, if purple then to 1 cm; anthers oblong, 0.5-1.5(-2) mm |
|
68 Chorispora |
| + |
Petals purple; anthers linear or rarely oblong-linear, (2.5-)3-5 mm. |
|
(27) |
| |
|
|
|
| 27 (26) |
Perennials; flowering stems leafless |
|
70 Parrya |
| + |
Annuals or biennials; flowering stems leafy. |
|
(28) |
| |
|
|
|
| 28 (27) |
Petals obovate, 5-10 mm wide; glandular trichomes on few-celled, uniseriate stalks |
|
75 Hesperis |
| + |
Petals linear or linear-oblanceolate, 1.5-3 mm wide; glandular trichomes on multicellular, multiseriate stalks |
|
77 Pseudoclausia |
| |
|
|
|
| 29 (21) |
Stigma conical, with decurrent, connivent lobes. |
|
(30) |
| + |
Stigma capitate, entire, if lobed then lobes neither connivent nor decurrent (rarely slightly decurrent in Eruca and Orychophragmus). |
|
(35) |
| |
|
|
|
| 30 (29) |
Annuals or biennials, rarely rhizomatous perennials; flowering stems several to many leaved; basal leaves not rosulate. |
|
(31) |
| + |
Perennials with a distinct caudex; flowering stems leafless, rarely 1- or 2-leaved; basal leaves rosulate. |
|
(33) |
| |
|
|
|
| 31 (30) |
Terminal lobe of basal and lowermost cauline leaves about same size as lateral lobes; filaments of median stamens flattened, sometimes 1-toothed |
|
63 Dontostemon |
| + |
Terminal lobe of basal and lowermost cauline leaves considerably larger than lateral lobes, sometimes lateral lobes absent; filaments of median stamens slender, not toothed. |
|
(32) |
| |
|
|
|
| 32 (31) |
Petals yellow with dark brown or purple veins; anthers obtuse; uppermost leaves subsessile |
|
5 Eruca |
| + |
Petals white, lavender, or purple, without darker veins; anthers apiculate; uppermost cauline leaves petiolate, sometimes also auriculate |
|
8 Orychophragmus |
| |
|
|
|
| 33 (30) |
Style absent; leaf blade about as long as broad |
|
72 Leiospora |
| + |
Style distinct; leaf blade much longer than broad. |
|
(34) |
| |
|
|
|
| 34 (33) |
Ovaries and fruit torulose; petal claws to 8 mm; seeds wingless |
|
68 Chorispora |
| + |
Ovaries and fruit not torulose; petals claws longer; seeds winged even at early stages of development |
|
70 Parrya |
| |
|
|
|
| 35 (29) |
Lateral pair of sepals slightly to strongly saccate. |
|
(36) |
| + |
Lateral pair of sepals not saccate. |
|
(44) |
| |
|
|
|
| 36 (35) |
Sepals united; developing and mature fruit winged and/or spiny |
|
15 Pugionium |
| + |
Sepals free; fruit wingless, not spiny. |
|
(37) |
| |
|
|
|
| 37 (36) |
Petals yellow. |
|
(38) |
| + |
Petals purple, lavender, pink, or white. |
|
(41) |
| |
|
|
|
| 38 (37) |
Cauline leaves sessile, auriculate or amplexicaul; petals without darker colored veins. |
|
(39) |
| + |
At least some cauline leaves petiolate, not auriculate or amplexicaul; petals with darker colored veins. |
|
(40) |
| |
|
|
|
| 39 (38) |
Cauline leaves entire; petals (7-)9-30 mm |
|
2 Brassica |
| + |
Cauline leaves coarsely dentate, pinnatifid, or pinnatisect; petals 3-6(-7) mm |
|
46 Barbarea |
| |
|
|
|
| 40 (38) |
Stigma 2-lobed, lobes slightly decurrent; pistil sessile |
|
5 Eruca |
| + |
Stigma entire; pistil short stipitate on a sterile lower segment |
|
6 Raphanus |
| |
|
|
|
| 41 (37) |
Pedicels articulate at base; ovaries and young fruit ovoid to oblong. |
|
(42) |
| + |
Pedicels not articulate at base; ovaries and young fruit linear. |
|
(43) |
| |
|
|
|
| 42 (41) |
Cauline leaves entire or rarely dentate, auriculate; style obsolete |
|
82 Goldbachia |
| + |
Cauline leaves dentate, sinuate, or pinnately lobed, not auriculate; style prominent |
|
30 Spirorhynchus |
| |
|
|
|
| 43 (41) |
Stigma entire; pistil short stipitate on a sterile lower segment |
|
6 Raphanus |
| + |
Stigma 2-lobed, lobes slightly decurrent; pistil sessile |
|
8 Orychophragmus |
| |
|
|
|
| 44 (35) |
Petals yellow. |
|
(45) |
| + |
Petals purple, lavender, pink, or white. |
|
(55) |
| |
|
|
|
| 45 (44) |
Cauline leaves sessile, auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaul. |
|
(46) |
| + |
Cauline leaves petiolate, if sessile then not auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaul. |
|
(50) |
| |
|
|
|
| 46 (45) |
Leaves strongly dimorphic, basal and lowermost cauline ones 2- or 3- pinnatifid or -pinnatisect, uppermost entire |
|
10 Lepidium |
| + |
Leaves usually monomorphic, undivided, if divided than basal and lowermost cauline ones not as above. |
|
(47) |
| |
|
|
|
| 47 (46) |
At least some cauline leaves coarsely dentate to pinnately divided; ovaries and young fruit with numerous ovules |
|
60 Rorippa |
| + |
Cauline leaves entire; ovaries and young fruit 1(or 2)-ovuled.** |
|
(48) |
| |
|
|
|
| 48 (47) |
Racemes few, not grouped in panicles; young or mature fruit navicular, with incurved margins |
|
31 Tauscheria |
| + |
Racemes often many, grouped in panicles; fruit flat, not navicular. |
|
(49) |
| |
|
|
|
| 49 (48) |
Fruit margin thickened; petals to 2 mm |
|
14 Pachypterygium |
| + |
Fruit margin not thickened; petals more than 2 mm, if shorter (Isatis minima) then pistils and developing fruit distinctly longer than broad |
|
13 Isatis |
| |
|
|
|
| 50 (45) |
Cespitose perennials (2-)3-12(-17) cm tall; ovaries and young fruit ovoid |
|
96 Braya |
| + |
Annuals or biennials, rarely noncespitose perennials, often much taller; ovaries and young fruit linear. |
|
(51) |
| |
|
|
|
| 51 (50) |
Stigma entire. |
|
(52) |
| + |
Stigma 2-lobed. |
|
(53) |
| |
|
|
|
| 52 (51) |
Stems often leafless, rarely few leaved; nectar glands 4, separated |
|
4 Diplotaxis |
| + |
Stems leafy; nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all filaments |
|
60 Rorippa |
| |
|
|
|
| 53 (51) |
Nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all filaments; seeds oblong; cotyledons incumbent |
|
90 Sisymbrium |
| + |
Nectar glands 4, not confluent; seeds globose; cotyledons conduplicate.** |
|
(54) |
| |
|
|
|
| 54 (53) |
Fruit valves obscurely veined or with a prominent midvein |
|
2 Brassica |
| + |
Fruit valves with 3-7, prominent longitudinal veins |
|
3 Sinapis |
| |
|
|
|
| 55 (44) |
Racemes bracteate throughout or along proximal half. |
|
(56) |
| + |
Racemes ebracteate. |
|
(66) |
| |
|
|
|
| 56 (55) |
Leaves and bracts palmately veined or trifoliolate. |
|
(57) |
| + |
Leaves and bracts pinnately veined. |
|
(61) |
| |
|
|
|
| 57 (56) |
Bracts and/or uppermost leaves trifoliolate |
|
26 Yinshania |
| + |
Bracts and uppermost leaves simple. |
|
(58) |
| |
|
|
|
| 58 (57) |
Petals purple or rarely pink; pedicels puberulent adaxially along entire length |
|
28 Lignariella |
| + |
Petals white; pedicels glabrous. |
|
(59) |
| |
|
|
|
| 59 (58) |
Filaments of median stamens strongly flattened, 1-toothed; stigma 2-lobed |
|
25 Platycraspedum |
| + |
Filaments of median stamens slender, toothless; stigma entire. |
|
(60) |
| |
|
|
|
| 60 (59) |
Leaf margin with mucronate callosities at vein endings; ovules 6-10 per ovary |
|
89 Eutrema |
| + |
Leaf margin without mucronate callosities; ovules more than 14 per ovary |
|
43 Cardamine |
| |
|
|
|
| 61 (56) |
Filaments of median stamens winged, toothed, or appendaged. |
|
(62) |
| + |
Filaments of median stamens slender, not toothed or appendaged. |
|
(63) |
| |
|
|
|
| 62 (61) |
Petals emarginate, 4-5.5 mm wide; ovules 2 per ovary |
|
22 Hemilophia |
| + |
Petals obtuse; ca. 2.5 mm wide; ovules ca. 8 per ovary |
|
62 Lepidostemon |
| |
|
|
|
| 63 (61) |
Plants with a distinct caudex; stigma 2-lobed. |
|
(64) |
| + |
Plants with a fleshy, obconical to fusiform taproot; stigma entire. |
|
(65) |
| |
|
|
|
| 64 (63) |
Leaves entire; ovules 4-8 per ovary; nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all filaments |
|
45 Phaeonychium |
| + |
Leaves dentate; ovules 14-26 per ovary; nectar glands 2, lateral |
|
57 Desideria |
| |
|
|
|
| 65 (63) |
Cauline leaves sessile; racemes not elongated in fruit; anthers distinctly apiculate at apex |
|
24 Dilophia |
| + |
Cauline leaves petiolate; racemes often elongated in fruit; anthers obtuse at apex |
|
88 Taphrospermum |
| |
|
|
|
| 66 (55) |
Some or all leaves trifoliolate, pinnately compound, or pinnatisect. |
|
(67) |
| + |
Leaves simple, entire, dentate, lyrate, or rarely pinnatifid. |
|
(70) |
| |
|
|
|
| 67 (66) |
Petals purple or pink; ovaries and fruit didymous; ovules 2 per ovary; taproot thick, 1-4 cm in diam. |
|
16 Megacarpaea |
| + |
Petals white (purple in some Cardamine); ovaries and fruit not didymous; ovules more than 2 per ovary (except some Yinshania); taproot almost always not fleshy. |
|
(68) |
| |
|
|
|
| 68 (67) |
Sepals, petals, and stamens spreading; petals 1.5-3.5(-4) mm; ovules often 10 or less per ovary |
|
26 Yinshania |
| + |
Sepals, petals, and stamens usually erect to ascending; petals more than 4 mm (except in weedy spp. of Cardamine); ovules more than 14 per ovary.** |
|
(69) |
| |
|
|
|
| 69 (68) |
Fruit latiseptate, valves coiled during dehiscence; seeds uniseriate |
|
43 Cardamine |
| + |
Fruit terete, valves not coiled during dehiscence; seeds (ours) biseriate |
|
61 Nasturtium |
| |
|
|
|
| 70 (66) |
Ovules 2 per ovary. |
|
(71) |
| + |
Ovules 4 or more per ovary. |
|
(76) |
| |
|
|
|
| 71 (70) |
Filaments of median stamens with a lateral tooth 0.5-1 mm; pistil 2-segmented |
|
7 Crambe |
| + |
Filaments of median stamens toothless; pistil unsegmented. |
|
(72) |
| |
|
|
|
| 72 (71) |
Leaves palmately veined |
|
89 Eutrema |
| + |
Leaves pinnately veined. |
|
(73) |
| |
|
|
|
| 73 (72) |
Nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all filaments. |
|
(74) |
| + |
Nectar glands 4 or 6, distinct.** |
|
(75) |
| |
|
|
|
| 74 (73) |
Racemes many, grouped in corymbose panicles; plants often densely pubescent |
|
12 Cardaria |
| + |
Racemes few, not grouped in panicles; plants glabrous or sparsely pilose |
|
35 Bunias |
| |
|
|
|
| 75 (73) |
Fruit 4-angled; caudex thick, with petiolar remains of previous years; racemes grouped in panicles |
|
27 Stroganowia |
| + |
Fruit flat; caudex often thin, with or without petiolar remains of previous years; racemes simple, rarely grouped in corymbose panicles |
|
10 Lepidium |
| |
|
|
|
| 76 (70) |
Leaves palmately veined. |
|
(77) |
| + |
Leaves pinnately veined. |
|
(80) |
| |
|
|
|
| 77 (76) |
Leaf margin with apiculate callosities at vein endings, if without then ovules 10 or less. |
|
(78) |
| + |
Leaf margin without apiculate callosities at vein endings. |
|
(79) |
| |
|
|
|
| 78 (77) |
Pistil linear; ovules (20-)30-40 per ovary |
|
47 Neomartinella |
| + |
Pistil oblong; ovules 4-10 per ovary |
|
89 Eutrema |
| |
|
|
|
| 79 (77) |
Perennials; fruit flattened; seeds reticulate |
|
43 Cardamine |
| + |
Biennials; fruit quadrangular-subterete; seeds longitudinally striate |
|
87 Alliaria |
| |
|
|
|
| 80 (76) |
Cauline leaves auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaul at base, if not (Thellungiella parvula) then petals to 1.5 mm and racemes flexuous. |
|
(81) |
| + |
Cauline leaves not auriculate or sagittate, or absent. |
|
(84) |
| |
|
|
|
| 81 (80) |
Petals purple, 10-17 mm; perennials with stout rhizomes |
|
43 Cardamine |
| + |
Petals white, lavender, pink, or rarely purple, 1.5-7 mm; annuals, biennials, or perennials with a slender caudex. |
|
(82) |
| |
|
|
|
| 82 (81) |
Plants not glaucous; pistil and young fruit angustiseptate |
|
18 Thlaspi |
| + |
Plants glaucous; pistil and young fruit terete or latiseptate. |
|
(83) |
| |
|
|
|
| 83 (82) |
Petals 5-7 mm, with purple veins extending to apex; leaves deeply cordate-amplexicaul |
|
9 Conringia |
| + |
Petals 1.5-3 mm, without purple veins; leaves auriculate or not, rarely deeply sagittate-amplexicaul |
|
97 Thellungiella |
| |
|
|
|
| 84 (80) |
Cauline leaves absent or 1 or 2, entire. |
|
(85) |
| + |
Cauline leaves several, dentate, crenate, or pinnatifid. |
|
(87) |
| |
|
|
|
| 85 (84) |
Cauline leaves absent, basal ones setose ciliate; stigma 2-lobed; nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all stamens |
|
45 Phaeonychium |
| + |
Cauline leaves 1 or 2, rarely absent, basal ones pilose or crisped pubescent; stigma entire; nectar glands 2 or 4, lateral. |
|
(86) |
| |
|
|
|
| 86 (85) |
Petals 10-17 mm; fruit flat, prominently veined, 10-30 mm |
|
64 Solms-laubachia |
| + |
Petals 4-6 mm; fruit terete, not veined, 4-7 mm |
|
96 Braya |
| |
|
|
|
| 87 (84) |
Racemes in large corymbose panicles; fruit angustiseptate; leaves polymorphic on same plant |
|
42 Armoracia |
| + |
Racemes simple; fruit latiseptate; leaves not polymorphic. |
|
(88) |
| |
|
|
|
| 88 (87) |
Stigma 2-lobed; petals purple, 10-15 mm |
|
57 Desideria |
| + |
Stigma entire; petals white, 2.5-8(-10) mm.** |
|
(89) |
| |
|
|
|
| 89 (88) |
Anthers obtuse at apex; fruit with a prominent midvein and marginal veins; cotyledons accumbent |
|
49 Sisymbriopsis |
| + |
Anthers apiculate at apex; fruit obscurely veined or only with a distinct midvein; cotyledons incumbent |
|
56 Christolea |
| |
|
|
|
| 90 (13) |
Petal claws crisped pilose; filaments of median stamens united at base |
|
95 Synstemon |
| + |
Petal claws glabrous or petals absent; filaments of median stamens free, if united then stigma strongly 2-lobed. |
|
(91) |
| |
|
|
|
| 91 (90) |
Cauline leaves 1-3-pinnatisect, narrowly trifid, or 3-5-foliolate. |
|
(92) |
| + |
Cauline leaves undivided, lyrate, or pinnatifid. |
|
(100) |
| |
|
|
|
| 92 (91) |
Pulvinate perennials with thick caudices covered with petiolar remains of previous years |
|
101 Smelowskia |
| + |
Annuals, biennials, or non-pulvinate perennials, without petiolar remains of previous years. |
|
(93) |
| |
|
|
|
| 93 (92) |
Flowers yellow. |
|
(94) |
| + |
Flowers white, pink, or lavender. |
|
(95) |
| |
|
|
|
| 94 (93) |
Pistil and fruit linear; ovules 20-40 per ovary; raceme ebracteate |
|
99 Descurainia |
| + |
Pistil and fruit obovoid to ellipsoid; ovules 16 or less per ovary; raceme bracteate, if not then ovules 4-8 per ovary |
|
100 Sophiopsis |
| |
|
|
|
| 95 (93) |
Racemes bracteate throughout or at least along proximal half. |
|
(96) |
| + |
Racemes ebracteate. |
|
(97) |
| |
|
|
|
| 96 (95) |
Pistil oblong to suborbicular; fruit angustiseptate |
|
20 Hedinia |
| + |
Pistil linear; fruit terete |
|
102 Sinosophiopsis |
| |
|
|
|
| 97 (95) |
Stigma conical, 2-lobed; filaments of median stamens united |
|
73 Leptaleum |
| + |
Stigma capitate, entire; filaments of median stamens free. |
|
(98) |
| |
|
|
|
| 98 (97) |
Racemes grouped in panicles; ovary and fruit ellipsoid |
|
26 Yinshania |
| + |
Racemes simple; ovary and fruit linear. |
|
(99) |
| |
|
|
|
| 99 (98) |
Rachis of raceme flexuous; ovules 6-20 per ovary; trichomes exclusively dendritic; uppermost leaves narrowly trifid |
|
91 Ianhedgea |
| + |
Rachis of raceme straight; ovules 20-40 per ovary; trichomes simple and forked; uppermost cauline leaves pinnatisect |
|
102 Sinosophiopsis |
| |
|
|
|
| 100 (91) |
Plants exclusively or at least uppermost parts with malpighiaceous trichomes. |
|
(101) |
| + |
Plants without malpighiaceous trichomes. |
|
(106) |
| |
|
|
|
| 101 (100) |
Flowers yellow. |
|
(102) |
| + |
Flowers white, lavender, pink, or purple. |
|
(103) |
| |
|
|
|
| 102 (101) |
Pistil and fruit oblong; seeds biseriate; cotyledons accumbent |
|
41 Draba |
| + |
Pistil and fruit linear; seeds uniseriate; cotyledons incumbent |
|
83 Erysimum |
| |
|
|
|
| 103 (101) |
Raceme bracteate throughout; rhizomatous perennials; filaments of median stamens inflated basally |
|
22 Hemilophia |
| + |
Raceme ebracteate; annuals; filaments of median stamens not inflated basally. |
|
(104) |
| |
|
|
|
| 104 (103) |
At least lowermost parts with simple and stalked forked trichomes; fruit indehiscent, breaking at maturity into 1-seeded segments; stigma 2-lobed; seeds 2.5-3.5 mm |
|
79 Cryptospora |
| + |
Trichomes exclusively malpighiaceous; fruit dehiscent; stigma entire; seeds 0.7-1.4(-2) mm. |
|
(105) |
| |
|
|
|
| 105 (104) |
Pistil and fruit lenticular, ovate, or suborbicular; anthers of median stamens 2-lobed; ovules 2 per ovary; raceme many flowered |
|
38 Lobularia |
| + |
Pistil and fruit linear; anthers of median stamens 1-lobed; ovules 10-25 per ovary; raceme 2-5-flowered |
|
78 Atelanthera |
| |
|
|
|
| 106 (100) |
Sepals united |
|
57 Desideria |
| + |
Sepals free. |
|
(107) |
| |
|
|
|
| 107 (106) |
Cauline leaves auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaul. |
|
(108) |
| + |
Cauline leaves petiolate, tapered to a petiolelike base, or sessile but not auriculate or sagittate, sometimes absent and flowering stems leafless. |
|
(116) |
| |
|
|
|
| 108 (107) |
Ovary and fruit oblong to ovate; seeds biseriate |
|
41 Draba |
| + |
Ovary and fruit of other shapes; seeds uniseriate. |
|
(109) |
| |
|
|
|
| 109 (108) |
Flowers pale to bright yellow. |
|
(110) |
| + |
Flowers white, pink, or purple. |
|
(113) |
| |
|
|
|
| 110 (109) |
Ovary and fruit globose, sublenticular, or obpyriform; nectar glands 2 or 4, lateral, median glands absent. |
|
(111) |
| + |
Ovary and fruit linear; nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all filaments. |
|
(112) |
| |
|
|
|
| 111 (110) |
Fruit globose or sublenticular, 1.7-2.2 mm; ovules 2-4 per ovary; stamens slightly tetradynamous |
|
34 Neslia |
| + |
Fruit obpyriform, larger; ovules numerous per ovary; stamens in 3 pairs of unequal length |
|
98 Camelina |
| |
|
|
|
| 112 (110) |
Plants pubescent with short-stalked or subsessile stellate trichomes; fruit pubescent; pedicels divaricate |
|
52 Olimarabidopsis |
| + |
Plants glabrous and glaucous distally, pubescent with simple and forked trichomes basally; fruit glabrous; pedicels appressed to rachis |
|
59 Turritis |
| |
|
|
|
| 113 (109) |
Pistil and fruit obdeltoid to obcordate-obdeltoid |
|
19 Capsella |
| + |
Pistil and fruit linear. |
|
(114) |
| |
|
|
|
| 114 (113) |
Plants with exclusively stellate, appressed, sessile trichomes |
|
53 Pseudoarabidopsis |
| + |
Plants with more than 1 kind of trichomes.** |
|
(115) |
| |
|
|
|
| 115 (114) |
Fruit latiseptate; cotyledons accumbent |
|
48 Arabis |
| + |
Fruit terete; cotyledons incumbent |
|
51 Crucihimalaya |
| |
|
|
|
| 116 (107) |
Shrubs or subshrubs |
|
48 Arabis |
| + |
Herbs. |
|
(117) |
| |
|
|
|
| 117 (116) |
Filaments of median stamens united to apex or rarely only to middle. |
|
(118) |
| + |
Filaments of median stamens free. |
|
(119) |
| |
|
|
|
| 118 (117) |
Plants without glandular trichomes; lateral sepals not saccate; fruit indehiscent, breaking at maturity into 1-seeded segments |
|
80 Sterigmostemum |
| + |
Plants sparsely to densely covered with glandular trichomes; lateral sepals saccate; fruit tardily dehiscent |
|
81 Oreoloma |
| |
|
|
|
| 119 (117) |
Petals deeply bifid. |
|
(120) |
| + |
Petals undivided, entire or emarginate, or absent. |
|
(121) |
| |
|
|
|
| 120 (119) |
Perennials with a distinct caudex; trichomes exclusively stellate, appressed; lateral sepals saccate |
|
37 Galitzkya |
| + |
Annuals or biennials; trichomes a mixture of simple, forked, and stellate; lateral sepals not saccate |
|
39 Berteroa |
| |
|
|
|
| 121 (119) |
Ovaries and fruit about as long as broad or slightly longer, rarely to 3 × longer. |
|
(122) |
| + |
Ovaries and fruit at least 5 × longer than broad. |
|
(137) |
| |
|
|
|
| 122 (121) |
Raceme bracteate throughout or rarely along proximal half. |
|
(123) |
| + |
Raceme ebracteate. |
|
(126) |
| |
|
|
|
| 123 (122) |
Plants stoloniferous; ovules 2 or 4 per ovary. |
|
(124) |
| + |
Plants cespitose perennials or annuals; ovules more than 10 per ovary. |
|
(125) |
| |
|
|
|
| 124 (123) |
Leaves entire; filaments of median stamens appendaged; nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all stamens |
|
22 Hemilophia |
| + |
Leaves dentate; filaments of median stamens unappendaged; nectar glands 4, lateral, median glands absent |
|
23 Dipoma |
| |
|
|
|
| 125 (123) |
Petals yellow; plants coarsely pilose; cotyledons accumbent |
|
41 Draba |
| + |
Petals purple or white; plants minutely puberulent; cotyledons incumbent |
|
92 Aphragmus |
| |
|
|
|
| 126 (122) |
Lateral sepals saccate; stigma 2-lobed; petals linear, strongly differentiated into claw and limb, 0.7-1.5 cm. |
|
(127) |
| + |
Lateral sepals not saccate; stigma entire, if 2-lobed (Euclidium) then petals less than 1.5 mm; petals variously shaped and often smaller, if linear then not differentiated into claw and limb, sometimes absent. |
|
(128) |
| |
|
|
|
| 127 (126) |
Petals pink, 7-10 mm; plants without glandular trichomes; fruiting pedicels erect-ascending; fruit densely white silky |
|
29 Lachnoloma |
| + |
Petals yellowish to creamy white, 10-15 mm; plants often with glandular trichomes; fruiting pedicels reflexed; fruit not silky |
|
67 Microstigma |
| |
|
|
|
| 128 (126) |
Plant with glandular trichomes |
|
35 Bunias |
| + |
Plant without glandular trichomes. |
|
(129) |
| |
|
|
|
| 129 (128) |
Filaments winged, appendaged, toothed, or papillate |
|
36 Alyssum |
| + |
Filaments slender, unappendaged, toothless, glabrous. |
|
(130) |
| |
|
|
|
| 130 (129) |
Annuals. |
|
(131) |
| + |
Perennials. |
|
(134) |
| |
|
|
|
| 131 (130) |
Stigma 2-lobed; petals less than 1.5 mm; fruit indehiscent |
|
32 Euclidium |
| + |
Stigma entire; petals more than 1.5 mm, if less or absent then ovary more than 6-ovuled; fruit dehiscent. |
|
(132) |
| |
|
|
|
| 132 (131) |
Ovules 4 per ovary or fruit |
|
36 Alyssum |
| + |
Ovules 8 or more per ovary or fruit. |
|
(133) |
| |
|
|
|
| 133 (132) |
Petals 0.6-1.2 mm; fruit angustiseptate; cotyledons incumbent |
|
21 Hornungia |
| + |
Petals larger, rarely absent; fruit latiseptate; cotyledons accumbent |
|
41 Draba |
| |
|
|
|
| 134 (130) |
Plants stoloniferous; bases of median filaments broadly dilated |
|
40 Coelonema |
| + |
Plants cespitose, often with a distinct caudex; bases of median filaments not dilated.** |
|
(135) |
| |
|
|
|
| 135 (134) |
Fruit 5-10 mm wide; style conical or subconical |
|
58 Eurycarpus |
| + |
Fruit rarely to 4 mm wide, if wider then stems leafy; style obsolete or cylindric. |
|
(136) |
| |
|
|
|
| 136 (135) |
Fruit torulose; cotyledons incumbent |
|
96 Braya |
| + |
Fruit not torulose; cotyledons accumbent |
|
41 Draba |
| |
|
|
|
| 137 (121) |
Stigma conical, lobes decurrent, connivent; sepals erect. |
|
(138) |
| + |
Stigma capitate, entire, if lobed then lobes neither decurrent nor connivent; sepals ascending or slightly spreading. |
|
(141) |
| |
|
|
|
| 138 (137) |
Annuals; anthers 0.3-1.2 mm. |
|
(139) |
| + |
Perennials or biennials; anthers 2.5-4 mm. |
|
(140) |
| |
|
|
|
| 139 (138) |
Lateral sepals not saccate; fruit 0.5-1.7 mm wide; seeds wingless |
|
74 Malcolmia |
| + |
Lateral sepals strongly saccate; fruit 3-6 mm wide; seeds winged |
|
71 Cithareloma |
| |
|
|
|
| 140 (138) |
Petals linear, circinately involute; seeds winged; cotyledons accumbent |
|
66 Matthiola |
| + |
Petals obovate, flat; seeds wingless; cotyledons incumbent |
|
75 Hesperis |
| |
|
|
|
| 141 (137) |
Petals less than 1.5 mm; mature ovaries and young fruits with 4, subapical horns |
|
65 Tetracme |
| + |
Petals more than 1.8 mm; ovaries and fruits without horns. |
|
(142) |
| |
|
|
|
| 142 (141) |
Stems leafless. |
|
(143) |
| + |
Stems leafy. |
|
(146) |
| |
|
|
|
| 143 (142) |
Petals yellow; nectar glands 2 or 4, lateral.** |
|
(144) |
| + |
Petals white, lavender, or pink; nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all filaments.** |
|
(145) |
| |
|
|
|
| 144 (143) |
Biennial, perennial, or rarely annual; seeds biseriate; fruit valves obscurely veined |
|
41 Draba |
| + |
Annuals; seeds uniseriate; fruit valves with a distinct midvein |
|
55 Drabopsis |
| |
|
|
|
| 145 (143) |
Fruit valves with prominent midvein and marginal veins; cotyledons incumbent |
|
45 Phaeonychium |
| + |
Fruit valves obscurely veined or only midvein distinct; cotyledons accumbent |
|
48 Arabis |
| |
|
|
|
| 146 (142) |
Pistils and fruit on a distinct gynophore to 5 mm; petals linear to linear-oblanceolate, length 9-12 × width |
|
1 Macropodium |
| + |
Pistil and fruit sessile; petals suborbicular, spatulate, oblanceolate, or rarely oblong, length-width ratio much less. |
|
(147) |
| |
|
|
|
| 147 (146) |
Petals yellow |
|
41 Draba |
| + |
Petals white, lavender, or purple. |
|
(148) |
| |
|
|
|
| 148 (147) |
All cauline leaves entire. |
|
(149) |
| + |
At least some cauline leaves dentate or lobed. |
|
(152) |
| |
|
|
|
| 149 (148) |
Annuals; cotyledons incumbent. |
|
(150) |
| + |
Perennials; cotyledons accumbent. |
|
(151) |
| |
|
|
|
| 150 (149) |
Trichomes simple and forked; style to 0.5 mm; ovules 40-70 per ovary |
|
50 Arabidopsis |
| + |
Trichomes mostly stellate, 4-6-rayed; style (1-)1.5-2.5 mm; ovules 6-14 per ovary |
|
93 Berteroella |
| |
|
|
|
| 151 (149) |
Trichomes a mixture of simple, forked, or stellate |
|
41 Draba |
| + |
Trichomes exclusively stellate |
|
54 Stevenia |
| |
|
|
|
| 152 (148) |
Filaments of median stamens winged basally; valves with thickened margin, base united persistently with replum |
|
62 Lepidostemon |
| + |
Filaments of median stamens not winged; fruit valves not thickened at margin, base readily separated from replum at dehiscence. |
|
(153) |
| |
|
|
|
| 153 (152) |
Pistil or fruit glabrous. |
|
(154) |
| + |
Pistil or fruit pubescent. |
|
(157) |
| |
|
|
|
| 154 (153) |
Trichomes exclusively simple and forked |
|
50 Arabidopsis |
| + |
At least some trichomes stellate or dendritic.** |
|
(155) |
| |
|
|
|
| 155 (154) |
Fruit terete; cotyledons incumbent |
|
51 Crucihimalaya |
| + |
Fruit latiseptate; cotyledons accumbent. |
|
(156) |
| |
|
|
|
| 156 (155) |
Seeds biseriate, wingless |
|
41 Draba |
| + |
Seeds uniseriate, winged or margined at least distally |
|
48 Arabis |
| |
|
|
|
| 157 (153) |
Nectar glands 2 or 4, lateral, median glands absent; stigma often entire.** |
|
(158) |
| + |
Nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all filaments; stigma often 2-lobed. |
|
(159) |
| |
|
|
|
| 158 (157) |
Fruits latiseptate, not torulose; cotyledons accumbent; seeds biseriate |
|
41 Draba |
| + |
Fruits terete, torulose; cotyledons incumbent; seeds uniseriate |
|
94 Neotorularia |
| |
|
|
|
| 159 (157) |
Petals 6-9 mm; cotyledons incumbent |
|
45 Phaeonychium |
| + |
Petals 2-4 mm (unknown in Desideria stewartii); cotyledons accumbent.** |
|
(160) |
| |
|
|
|
| 160 (159) |
Valve apex readily separated from replum during dehiscence; fruiting pedicels appressed to rachis |
|
49 Sisymbriopsis |
| + |
Valve apex persistently united with replum; fruiting pedicels not appressed to rachis |
|
57 Desideria |
